覆膜滴灌棉田地膜残留量对棉花生长的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.02.29

Abstract

Abstract:

To clarify the influence of film residue on cotton growth in a field with film mulching under drip irrigation, we assessed the characteristics of residual film accumulation in an oasis drip irrigation cotton field. The design corresponds to 5 a, 10 a, 15 a, 20 a, 25 a, 30 a; a gradient of six residual film accumulations using a barrel-planting experiment. We analyzed the influence of residual film accumulation in cotton fields with different mulching years on cotton growth and yield. The residual film significantly affected cotton plant height and leaf area, which gradually decreased as the residual film amount increased. The plant height and leaf area were significantly reduced at each stage when the film was covered with drip irrigation for 20 years. Additionally, increases in the amount of residual film in drip irrigation for 20 years significantly reduced the cotton root index. Compared with the control treatment without residual film, the root length density in drip irrigation 20 a was reduced by 8.2%, the root surface area density was reduced by 10%, the root volume was reduced by 7.2%, and the root diameter decreased by 19.4%. The amount of residual film was significantly negatively correlated with cotton dry matter accumulation and yield. After 15 years of drip irrigation with film mulching, the cotton yield was lower than the average yield per unit area in Xinjiang in the past five years. After 20 years of drip irrigation with film mulching, the above-ground dry matter quality decreased by 20.3%, the root dry matter quality was reduced by 38.4%, and the output was 10.96% lower than the average output per unit area in Xinjiang in the past five years. In summary, increased amounts of residual film significantly impact the normal growth of cotton. When drip irrigation with film mulching continues for 15-20 years, yield, growth, and root indices of cotton are significantly reduced. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of drip irrigation cotton fields in Xinjiang.

Key words: mulch drip irrigation, residual film, cotton, root system, yield

ZHU Jinru,LI Wenhao,WANG Zhenhua,ZONG Rui,WANG Tianyu. Effect of film mulching residue on cotton growth in drip irrigation cotton field[J].Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(2): 570-579.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 34

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处理	CK	T1	T2	T3	T4	T5	T6
覆膜滴灌年限/a	0	5	10	15	20	25	30
残膜量/(kg·hm^-2)	0	146.18	228.03	309.88	391.73	473.58	555.43

土层深度/cm	全氮/(g·kg^-1)	全磷/(g·kg^-1)	全钾/(g·kg^-1)	速效磷/(g·kg^-1)	速效钾/(g·kg^-1)	田间持水率/(g·kg^-1)
0~20	0.76	0.96	7.8	30.54	422.68	20.11
20~40	0.88	0.93	8.2	28.6	410.21	17.9

生育期	灌水处理		施肥处理
生育期	灌水量/mm	灌水次数	CO(NH₂)₂ /(kg·hm^-2)	KH₂PO₄ /(kg·hm^-2)	施肥次数
播种-出苗	30	1	-	-	-
苗期	30	1	30	15	1
蕾期	75	2	90	45	2
花铃期	200	5	450	225	5
吐絮期	65	2	30	15	1
全生育期	400	11	600	300	9

处理	残膜量 /(kg·hm^-2)	棉花地上部干物质量 /(g·株^-1)	根部干物质量 /(g·株^-1)	产量 /(kg·hm^-2)
CK	0	52.38±2.52a	15.71±2.12a	2368.93a
T1	146.18	51.43±2.20a	14.73±1.28 a	2325.41ab
T2	228.03	48.65±1.92ab	14.19±1.45a	2388.07a
T3	309.88	45.87±1.58bc	13.08±0.86ab	2153.58b
T4	391.73	44.30±1.80cd	11.35±0.92bc	1783.27c
T5	473.58	43.14±1.52cd	10.74±0.73bc	1593.05d
T6	555.43	40.17±1.83d	9.60±0.80c	1510.50d

Effect of film mulching residue on cotton growth in drip irrigation cotton field

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