黄土丘陵区覆沙坡面产流产沙过程及水沙关系

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.17

Abstract

Abstract:

The characteristics of runoff and sediment and runoff-sediment relationship under four overlying sand conditions and three runoff slope length conditions were studied by indoor water discharge scoring tests. Results showed that the initial runoff time of the sand-covered slope was significantly longer than that of the loess slope, and the initial runoff time increased with the increase of sand-covered thickness. In addition, the unsynchronized time of peak runoff and sediment was found. The runoff rate of different slopes was small at the beginning of the test, and it gradually increased and stabilized with the extension of the runoff time. The sediment rate of the loess slope had a stable trend with the extension of runoff time, whereas the sediment rate of the sand-covered slope had a larger fluctuation range. The accumulated sediment on different slopes increased gradually with the increase of accumulated runoff, and a power function relationship was observed between them. The sand layer had a certain water storage function; thus, the erosion process of the sand-covered slope was evidently different from that of the loess slope. The thickness of the sand cover is an important factor affecting the erosion characteristics of the slope, which provides a scientific basis for further study of the erosion characteristics of the composite slope.

Key words: loess, sand covered slope, runoff and sediment yield, runoff-sediment relationship

SU Yuanyi,FENG Zhaohong,ZHANG Yang,LEI Na,ZHANG Tingyu. Runoff and sediment yield and relationship between water and sediment of sand covered slope of loess hilly region[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1166-1173.

Figures/Tables 8

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References 22

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试验土壤	黏粒（<0.002 mm）	粉粒（0.002~0.05 mm）	砂粒（>0.05 mm）
黄绵土	0.17	61.22	38.31
风沙土	0.72	14.38	84.9

径流坡长/m	覆沙条件/cm	试验编号	坡面类型	流量/(L·min^-1)	产流历时/min	坡度/（°）	初始土壤含水量/%	土壤容重/(g·cm^-3)
2	0	U20	黄土坡面	1	15	12	15.78	1.27
	1	U21	覆沙坡面	1	15	12	14.38	1.29
	2	U22		1	15	12	15.76	1.27
	3	U23		1	15	12	15.45	1.25
4	0	U40	黄土坡面	1	15	12	16.61	1.21
	1	U41	覆沙坡面	1	15	12	15.81	1.27
	2	U42		1	15	12	15.95	1.21
	3	U43		1	15	12	15.30	1.20
6	0	U60	黄土坡面	1	15	12	15.65	1.22
	1	U61	覆沙坡面	1	15	12	16.96	1.24
	2	U62		1	15	12	14.72	1.22
	3	U63		1	15	12	15.86	1.23

特征值	试验编号
特征值	U20	U21	U22	U23	U40	U41	U42	U43	U60	U61	U62	U63
IRT/min	0.66	2.3	3.11	4.18	0.62	2.07	2.51	3.59	0.53	1.8	2.02	2.39
Q_max/mL	774.50	855.14	863.94	889.49	759.70	832.43	891.14	987.88	734.9	843.24	924.56	932.98
Q_maxT/min	14	12	12	12	15	13	11	15	10	15	15	15
M_max/g	99.86	555.47	813.82	808.47	109.33	480.26	875.94	971.17	199.09	470.51	654.73	948.64
M_maxT/min	15	10	7	7	9	9	11	8	14	1	8	8

试验编号	拟合公式	试验编号	拟合公式	试验编号	拟合公式
U20	S=0.1204Q^0.8841 R²=0.9984	U40	S=0.1204Q^1.0148 R²=0.9961	U60	S=0.2227Q^0.8804 R²=0.9864
U21	S=0.7065Q^0.9261 R²=0.9663	U41	S=0.5871Q^1.165 R²=0.9895	U61	S=0.6323Q^1.153 R²=0.9925
U22	S=0.3744Q^1.1438 R²=0.9365	U42	S=0.4231Q^1.2648 R²=0.9134	U62	S=0.5731Q^1.1318 R²=0.9524
U23	S=0.3851Q^1.2206 R²=0.8996	U43	S=0.2875Q^1.2138 R²=0.981	U63	S=0.4629Q^1.0805 R²=0.9944

Runoff and sediment yield and relationship between water and sediment of sand covered slope of loess hilly region

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