保护性耕作对黄土高原半干旱区农田土壤N2O排放的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.02.17

Abstract

Abstract:

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is an important greenhouse gas. It has attracted much attention as a factor in climate change, and farmland soil is the main source of emissions. Among many variables affecting N₂O emission from farmland, tillage is a key factor but exactly how it regulates N₂O emission from dryland farmland soil is unclear. In this study, traditional tillage (T) was used as a control, and three kinds of conservation tillage were used: no tillage (NT), traditional tillage + straw mulch (TS), and no tillage + straw mulch (NTS). The soil N₂O emission flux of a spring wheat field was measured by static box gas chromatography, and factors affecting N₂O emission and spring wheat yield were measured concurrently. Soil N₂O cumulative emissions under different tillage measures in the spring wheat field decreased in the order T > NT > TS > NTS. Emissions under treatment T were significantly higher than those under other treatments (by 15.87%, 28.08%, and 39.58%, respectively, compared with NT, TS, and NTS). In addition, compared with treatment T, conservation tillage helped to increase the surface soil content of NH₄⁺-N and the yield of spring wheat, and reduce the accumulation of NO₃^--N. Correlation analysis showed that soil temperature, soil water content, and NH₄⁺-N content were associated with soil N₂O emission. Of these, soil water content and NH₄⁺-N content showed significant negative correlations with soil N₂O emission, and soil temperature showed a highly significant positive correlation with N₂O emission. Based on economic and environmental benefits and considering N₂O emission and crop yield, we suggest that NTS is the best tillage strategy in semi-arid areas of the Loess Plateau.

Key words: greenhouse gases, conservation tillage, farming practices, spring wheat, correlation, Loess Plateau

DU Mengyin,YUAN Jianyu,LI Guang,YAN Lijuan,LIU Xingyu,QI Xiaoping,PANG Ye. Effects of protective measures on N₂O emission from farmland soil in a semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(2): 493-501.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Tab. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 3

Correlation between soil N2O emission flux and its influencing factors in spring wheat field"

指标	土壤温度	土壤含水量	$N O 3 -$ -N	$N H 4 +$ -N
N₂O通量	0.757^**	-0.851^**	0.134	-0.654^**

Tab. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

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处理	代码	耕作方法
传统耕作	T	3月25日播种作物,收获后至冬至前三耕两耱
传统耕作+秸秆覆盖	TS	耕作方式同T,收获后脱粒并将作物秸秆均匀归还原小区
免耕	NT	全年不耕作,不进行秸秆覆盖
免耕+秸秆覆盖	NTS	耕作方式同NT,秸秆覆盖方式同TS

处理	株高/cm	穗粒数	千粒重/g	产量/(kg·hm^-2)
T	96.87c	22b	37.91a	1282.2a
TS	99.93bc	34a	41.93ab	1436.15b
NT	101.33ab	30ab	43.50ab	1450.47b
NTS	104a	32ab	47.44b	1607.47c

Effects of protective measures on N₂O emission from farmland soil in a semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau

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Effects of protective measures on N2O emission from farmland soil in a semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau

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Effects of protective measures on N₂O emission from farmland soil in a semi-arid area of the Loess Plateau