咸海的过去、现在与未来

干旱区研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (1): 7-18.

• 泛第三极环境与绿色丝路 • 上一篇下一篇

咸海的过去、现在与未来

阿布都米吉提·阿布力克木^1,2,3,葛拥晓^1,4,王亚俊¹，胡汝骥¹

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011； 2. 新疆大学，新疆乌鲁木齐 830046；3. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049； 4. 中国科学院中亚生态与环境研究中心，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2018-11-07 修回日期:2018-11-26 出版日期:2019-01-15 发布日期:2019-01-17
通讯作者: 葛拥晓
作者简介:阿布都米吉提·阿布力克木（1979-)，男，博士研究生,主要从事环境遥感研究.E-mail：abdimijit@ms.xjb.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划(2017-XBQNXZ-B-012)；国家自然科学基金项目（41501115）；天山青年计划项目(QN2016BS0052)资助

The Past,Present and Feature of the Aral Sea

Ablekim Abdimijit^1,2,3, GE Yong-xiao^1,4,WANG Ya-jun¹,HU Ru-ji¹

1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China; 2. Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,Xinjiang,China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China; 4. CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China

Received:2018-11-07 Revised:2018-11-26 Online:2019-01-15 Published:2019-01-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 咸海曾经是世界第四大湖，如今缩小到原来面积的约1/10。咸海究竟如何形成，又经历了怎样的演变过程及其形成机制等，一直是人们关注的问题。咸海水系（阿姆河和锡尔河流域）是青藏高原的隆升，新特提斯海的退却以及新生代全球气候变冷与海平面下降等区域和全球要素共同作用下，构成的一个完整的以青藏高原为中心的亚洲水塔体系的主要组成部分。咸海水系，从形成至大约20世纪中叶，湖泊面积与水文格局大致保持一个相对稳定的状态，只是20世纪下半叶以来，经历了大规模掠夺式的水资源开发和利用，造成了咸海危机。

关键词: 咸海, 形成过程, 演化机制, 危机, 青藏高原, 亚洲中部干旱区

Abstract:

The Aral Sea was once the 4th largest lake in the world and shrank to about 10% nowadays,because of far from the world[JP8]’[JP]s major oceans and the fragile hydrological system.Several questions are urgent to be answered,namely,how the Aral Sea formatted,what it has undergone,and what[JP8]’[JP]s the evolution mechanism,which have always been a concern of related scientists all around the world.The Aral Sea basin (the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya),a main component of the complete Asian water tower system centered on the QinghaiTibet Plateau,which came into being after uplift of the QinghaiTibet Plateau,the retreat of the Neo Tethys Sea,and under the impact of regional and global factors such as the global climate cooling and sea level decline.The Aral Sea system has maintained a relatively stable level in water surface area and hydrology pattern from the formation to the middle of the last century.It has only experienced extensive exploitation and utilization of water resources,resulting in the shrinking surface water area,the increasing exposed dry lake bed and frequent salt dust storms in the context of climate change from the second half of the 20th century,which have caused the crisis in the Aral Sea basin.

Key words: Aral Sea, formation process, evolution mechanism, crises, Tibetan Plateau, arid Central Asia

阿布都米吉提·阿布力克木, 葛拥晓, 王亚俊, 胡汝骥.

咸海的过去、现在与未来 [J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(1): 7-18.

Ablekim Abdimijit, GE Yong-xiao, WANG Ya-jun, HU Ru-ji.

The Past,Present and Feature of the Aral Sea [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(1): 7-18.

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咸海的过去、现在与未来

The Past,Present and Feature of the Aral Sea

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