1961—2017年青藏高原东北部雨季降水量变化及其贡献度分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.01.03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用53个气象观测站1961—2017年5—9月逐日降水资料,分析了青藏高原东北部雨季降水量的变化特征,以及不同等级降水变化在降水量增量中的相对贡献。结果表明：1961—2017年青藏高原东北部干旱区雨季降水量呈增加趋势,半干旱区和半湿润区降水量的极端性增强。大部分地区的降水强度普遍增加。进一步分析可知,青藏高原东北部雨季降水量变化主要由降水强度的变化引起,同时中雨等级降水增加贡献大于其他等级降水。半湿润区和半干旱区东部降水极端化趋势明显增强。该结果有助于进一步理解和认识青藏高原东北部生态环境变化的气候效应。

关键词: 青藏高原东北部, 降水等级, 降水量, 贡献度

Abstract:

The study on the characteristics of precipitation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau under the background of climate warming is of great significance for revealing the impact of climate change on agriculture, animal husbandry, and ecological environment. Based on the daily precipitation data of 53 meteorological observation stations from May to September of 1961-2017, the characteristics of rainy season precipitation in the northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the relative contribution of changes in precipitation of different grades in precipitation increment were analyzed. The results showed that the rainy season precipitation in the arid region in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau increased and that in the semi-arid and semi-humid regions became extreme from 1961 to 2017. Precipitation intensity has generally increased in most areas. Further analysis showed that the change in rainy season precipitation in the northeast of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is caused by the change in precipitation intensity, and the increase in contribution of moderate rainfall grade precipitation is greater than that of other grade precipitation. The trend of precipitation extremization in the east of the semi-humid and semi-arid regions was obviously enhanced. The results are helpful in understanding the climatic effect of change in ecological environment on the northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Key words: Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, classified precipitation, precipitation, contribution

杨昭明,张调风. 1961—2017年青藏高原东北部雨季降水量变化及其贡献度分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(1): 22-28.

YANG Zhaoming,ZHANG Tiaofeng. Analysis of precipitation change and its contribution in the rainy season in the northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1961 to 2017[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(1): 22-28.

图/表 8

图1

图2

表1

表2

雨季降水总量、降水日数、降水强度变化的6种情况"

变化趋势	站点数	百分比/%
$T P ↑ T d ↑ T i ↓$	1	1.89
$T P ↑ T d ↑ T i ↑$	20	37.74
$T P ↑ T d ↓ T i ↑$	19	35.85
$T P ↓ T d ↑ T i ↓$	1	1.89
$T P ↓ T d ↓ T i ↑$	3	5.66
$T P ↓ T d ↓ T i ↓$	9	16.98

表2

图3

图4

图5

图6

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	降水总量	降水日数	降水强度
干旱区	2.92^*	0.67	0.04
半干旱区	4.54	-0.69	0.11^**
半湿润区	-1.69	-1.87^**	0.07^*