干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 393-399.

• 水土资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

保水剂对河套灌区土壤水分和春小麦生长的影响

白岗栓1，2, 张蕊3, 耿桂俊2, 杜社妮1，2, 于健4   

    1. 西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌　712100；
    2. 中国科学院水利部 水土保持研究所,陕西 杨凌　712100； 
    3. 西北农林科技大学 林学院,陕西 杨凌　712100；
    4. 内蒙古自治区水利科学研究院,内蒙古 呼和浩特　010020
  • 收稿日期:2011-04-06 修回日期:2011-05-20 出版日期:2012-05-15 发布日期:2012-05-30
  • 作者简介:白岗栓（1965－），男，陕西富平人，研究员，主要从事果树栽培及保水剂应用方面的研究.E-mail：gshb@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    水利部科技推广计划项目：保水剂技术的推广应用（TG1144）；国家“十二五”科技支撑项目：内蒙古河套灌区粮油作物节水技术集成与示范（2011BAD29B03

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer on Soil Moisture Content and Spring Wheat Growth in the Hetao Irrigated Area

 BAI  Gang-Shuan1，2, ZHANG  Rui3, GENG  Gui-Jun2, DU  She-Ni1，2, YU  Jian4   

  1. 1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China;
    2.  Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, 
    Shaanxi Province, China;
    3. College of Forestry, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi Province, China;
    4. Inner Mongolia Institute of Hydraulic Research, Huhhot 010020, China
  • Received:2011-04-06 Revised:2011-05-20 Online:2012-05-15 Published:2012-05-30

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被引次数

25

摘要： 为了促进保水剂的应用与推广，在河套灌区开展了沟施保水剂BJ2101-L和土壤结构改良剂PAM及BJ2101-L＋PAM对土壤水分和春小麦生长的影响研究。结果表明：保水剂BJ2101-L和土壤结构改良剂PAM均可提高土壤水分，特别是在春小麦孕穗期有显著作用，0~80 cm土层BJ2101-L处理土壤水分提高了14.26%；不同处理均可促进小麦分蘖和根系向深层土壤分布，PAM处理小麦分蘖力提高了60.45%，BJ2101-L处理根系分布深度加深了70.79%。不同处理提高了春小麦生物量、产量，其中BJ2101-L处理提高了27.24%和30.96%；BJ2101-L处理提高了春小麦的水分利用效率、水分产出率和灌溉水分产出率，分别提高了20.58%，24.13%和31.00%。BJ2101-L处理显著提高了单位面积的经济效益，PAM处理则显著降低了经济效益。河套灌区小麦生产中应积极开展保水剂的应用与推广。

关键词: 保水剂, BJ2101-L, PAM, 土壤水分, 春小麦, 产量, 经济效益, 河套灌区

Abstract: In order to promote the extension of super absorbent polymer, this paper evaluates some effects of super absorbent polymer BJ2101-L, soil structure improver PAM and BJ2101-L+PAM on soil moisture content and spring wheat growth in the Hetao irrigated Area, Inner Mongolia. The soil moisture content under the super absorbent polymer treatment was higher than that of the contrast case, especially at fringe-forming stage, and the soil moisture content under the BJ2101-L treatment was increased by 14.26% in soil layer of 0-80 cm in depth. Super absorbent polymer could be used to improve spring wheat tillering and root growth in deeper soil. The tillering capability of spring wheat under the PAM treatment could be increased by 60.45% compared with that of contrast case, and the distribution depth of wheat roots under the BJ2101-L treatment could be increased by 70.79%. Biomass and grain yield of spring wheat under BJ2101-L treatment were increased by 27.24% and 30.96% respectively compared with those of contrast case. Water use efficiency, water productivity efficiency and irrigation water productivity efficiency under the BJ2101-L treatment were increased by 20.58%, 24.13% and 31.00% respectively. BJ2101-L treatment could be used to significantly improve the economic returns per unit area, but the PAM treatment reduced significantly the economic returns. Super absorbent polymer should be actively applied in spring wheat production in the Hetao Irrigated Area, Inner Mongolia.

Key words: super absorbent polymer, BJ2101-L, PAM, soil moisture content, spring wheat, yield, economic returns, Hetao Irrigation Area