干旱区研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 2104-2116.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2025.11.13

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇    下一篇

疏勒河中下游生态脆弱区土地利用变化与未来生境质量评估

黄志溥1(), 王军德2, 程玉菲2, 周昊昊3, 张展4, 包志为2, 杨传国1()   

  1. 1.河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏 南京 210098
    2.甘肃省水利科学研究院,甘肃 兰州 730030
    3.黄河水利委员会信息中心,河南 郑州 450003
    4.黄河水文水资源科学研究院,河南 郑州 450003
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-10-14 出版日期:2025-11-15 发布日期:2025-12-13
  • 通讯作者: 杨传国. E-mail: cgyang@hhu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:黄志溥(2000-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事遥感解译、水资源管理研究. E-mail: zhiphuang@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3202301);国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFF1307101);甘肃省水利科技推广项目(24GSLK010)

Land use change and future habitat quality evaluation in the ecologically fragile areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Shule River

HUANG Zhipu1(), WANG Junde2, CHENG Yufei2, ZHOU Haohao3, ZHANG Zhan4, BAO Zhiwei2, YANG Chuanguo1()   

  1. 1. College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu, China
    2. Gansu Research Institute for Water Conservancy, Lanzhou 730030, Gansu, China
    3. Information Center of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
    4. Yellow River Institute of Hydrology and Water Resources, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan, China
  • Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-10-14 Published:2025-11-15 Online:2025-12-13

摘要: 疏勒河流域属于典型的干旱区绿洲-荒漠生态系统,生态环境条件脆弱,科学调控土地利用对于区域发展和生态保护至关重要。基于2012年、2017年和2022年高分辨率遥感影像解译获取的土地利用数据,结合Markov-PLUS模型,设定自然发展、耕地保护和生态保护三种情景,对2035年流域中下游生态脆弱区土地利用进行预测并评估流域生境质量变化。结果表明:(1) 2012—2022年流域土地利用呈现明显的向好趋势,盐碱地、未利用地呈显著减少趋势,面积分别减少484.08 km2和654.61 km2,同期湿地、灌木面积分别增加228.69 km2和502.33 km2。(2) 流域生境质量水平整体较低,2012—2022年平均生境质量为0.2799,以低生境质量为主,占研究区面积的54.28%,但整体呈改善趋势。(3) 2035年三种情景中,灌木和湿地增加,盐碱地和未利用地面积继续减少,生境质量主要呈现由“低水平向高水平”的转变,生态保护情景生境质量最优,较2022年提升7.25%。在西北地区持续暖湿化背景下,应继续加强土地利用优化配置与科学管理。

关键词: 土地利用变化, Markov-PLUS模型, 多情景模拟, 生境质量, 疏勒河流域

Abstract:

The Shule River Basin belongs to a typical arid zone oasis-desert ecosystem, with a fragile ecological environment. Scientific regulation of land use is crucial for regional development and ecological protection. Based on land use data obtained from the interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing images in 2012, 2017, and 2022, combined with the Markov-PLUS model, three scenarios (natural development, cultivated land protection, and ecological protection) were set to predict land use in the ecologically fragile areas of the middle and lower reaches of the basin in 2035 and assess changes in the basin’s habitat quality. The results show that: (1) During the period 2012-2022, the land use in the river basin exhibited a distinct positive transition. Saline-alkali land and unused land displayed a notable declining trend, with their areas decreasing by 484.08 km2 and 654.61 km2 respectively. Over the same period, the areas of wetlands and shrub-covered land increased by 228.69 km2 and 502.33 km2 respectively. (2) The overall habitat quality of the basin was relatively low. From 2012 to 2022, the average habitat quality was 0.2799, with low habitat quality being dominant, accounting for 54.28% of the study area. However, it showed an overall improving trend. (3) Among the three scenarios in 2035, the area of shrubland and wetlands will increase, while the area of saline-alkali land and unused land will continue to decrease. Habitat quality will mainly show a transition from “low level to high level”. The habitat quality under the ecological protection scenario is the optimal, increasing by 7.25% compared with that in 2022. Under the continuous warming and wetting trend in Northwest China, efforts should be made to strengthen the optimal allocation and scientific management of land use.

Key words: land use change, Markov-PLUS model, multi-scenario simulation, habitat quality, Shule River Basin