基于InVEST模型的共和县生境质量时空变化及驱动因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.14

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 314-325.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.14

基于InVEST模型的共和县生境质量时空变化及驱动因素

严莉¹^,²(), 曹广超¹^,²^,³(), 康利刚¹^,², 刘梦琳¹^,², 叶得力⁴

1.青海师范大学地理科学学院青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室，青海西宁 810008
2.青海师范大学青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室，青海西宁 810008
3.青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院，青海西宁 810008
4.青海黄河上游水电开发有限责任公司高原能源产业与生态研究中心，青海西宁 810008

收稿日期:2023-08-10 修回日期:2023-11-01 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-11
通讯作者: 曹广超. E-mail: caoguangchao@126.com
作者简介:严莉（1997-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为自然地理与生态环境过程. E-mail: yll863890331@163.com
基金资助:
青海省重大科技专项(2021-SF-A7-2);青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室(2020-ZJ-Y06)

Analysis of spatial and temporal changes in habitat quality and driving factors in Gonghe County using the InVEST model

YAN Li¹^,²(), CAO Guangchao¹^,²^,³(), KANG Ligang¹^,², LIU Menglin¹^,², YE Deli⁴

1. Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Processes, College of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
2. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Ministry of Education, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
3. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People’s Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
4. Qinghai Upper Yellow River Hydropower Development Limited Liability Company, Plateau Energy Industry and Ecology Research Centre, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China

Received:2023-08-10 Revised:2023-11-01 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在新型城镇化背景下，青海省共和县作为兰西城市群建设的关键节点和典型的荒漠生态脆弱区，其经济和生态的协调发展对建设海南州可持续发展议程创新示范区具有重要意义。本研究基于2000年、2010年、2020年三期土地利用数据，利用InVEST模型，对2000—2020年共和县生境质量时空分布及效应变化特征进行探究，进而对生境质量的影响因子及其作用进行地理探测器和局部空间回归。结果表明：（1）2000—2020年共和县生境质量整体呈上升趋势，生境质量均值分别为0.612（2000年）、0.626（2010年）、0.627（2020年），生境质量空间分布存在明显的区域差异，空间格局上呈现北高南低的态势。（2）影响共和县生境质量的主驱动因子为年平均气温（TEM）和归一化植被指数（NDVI），因子间的交互作用对生境质量空间分异的影响大于单一因子，TEM与香农均匀度指数（SHEI）、香农多样性指数（SHDI）交互作用强烈。（3）TEM对生境质量呈负向效应，负向影响区域主要集中在共和北部与东部地区；NDVI呈正向效应，正向影响区域主要集中在共和中部与南部地区；国民生产总值（GDP）对生境质量的正向效应较2000年上升了30%，塔拉滩光伏促进了共和县生态产业协同发展。研究结果可为干旱区推动地方经济建设和生态环境保护提供科学的决策依据。

关键词: InVEST模型, 生境质量, 地理探测器, 地理加权回归（GWR）, 共和县, 青海省

Abstract:

In the context of Gonghe County’s role as a pivotal node in Lanxi urban agglomeration and its position as a representative desert area within the new urbanized framework, maintaining a delicate balance between economic and ecologic development is crucial. This balance holds great significance for China in advancing the new development paradigm and implementing the Sustainable Development Agenda’s Innovation Demonstration Zone in Hainan Prefecture. Based on the land use data of 2000, 2010, and 2020, this study utilizes the InVEST model to explore spatial and temporal distribution and habitat quality dynamics in Republican County from 2000 to 2020. Additionally, it investigates influencing factors and their effects on habitat quality using geographic probes and GWR methods. Key results are as follows: (1) Overall habitat quality in Republican County showed an upward trend from 2000 to 2020, with mean values of 0.612, 0.626, and 0.627, respectively. Regional disparities in the spatial distribution of habitat quality were evident, portraying a high-to-low spatial pattern from north to south. (2) Mean annual temperature (TEM) and normalized vegetation index (NDVI) were the main driving factors impacting habitat quality in Gonghe County. The interaction between these factors had a greater influence on spatial differentiation than a single factor, with TEM interacting strongly with Shannon’s evenness index (SHEI) and Shannon’s diversity index (SHDI). (3) The GWR model quantified different driving characteristics and strengths of each driver on habitat quality at the spatial level. TEM exhibited a negative impact on habitat quality, primarily concentrated in the republic’s northern and eastern areas. Gross domestic product (GDP) positively influenced habitat quality, showing a 30% increase compared to 2000, while the photovoltaic system at Tala Shoal promoted synergistic eco-industry development in Gonghe County. This study’s findings offer a scientific basis for decision-making processes aimed at promoting local economic construction and ecological protection in arid areas.

Key words: InVEST model, habitat quality, geographic probe, geographically weighted regression (GWR), Gonghe County, Qinghai Province

严莉, 曹广超, 康利刚, 刘梦琳, 叶得力. 基于InVEST模型的共和县生境质量时空变化及驱动因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(2): 314-325.

YAN Li, CAO Guangchao, KANG Ligang, LIU Menglin, YE Deli. Analysis of spatial and temporal changes in habitat quality and driving factors in Gonghe County using the InVEST model[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(2): 314-325.

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威胁因子	最大影响距离/m	权重	空间衰减方式
耕地	4	0.7	线性衰减
城镇用地	8	1	指数衰减
农村居民点	5	0.6	指数衰减
其他建设用地	8	0.4	指数衰减
未利用地	6	0.5	线性衰减

二级地类	生境适宜度	耕地	城镇用地	农村居民点	其他建设用地	未利用地
旱地	0.5	0	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.4
灌木林	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.2
疏林地	0.85	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.2
其他林地	0.9	0.7	1	0.9	0.8	0.2
高覆盖草地	0.85	0.7	0.6	0.55	0.6	0.6
中覆盖草地	0.75	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7
低覆盖草地	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8
河渠	1	0.65	0.85	0.7	0.5	0.3
湖泊	1	0.7	0.85	0.7	0.5	0.3
水库坑塘	0.7	0.7	0.85	0.7	0.5	0.3
滩地	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.2	0.5	0.3
城镇用地	0	0.1	0	0	0.2	0.1
农村居民点	0.5	0.1	0	0	0.6	0.1
其他建设用地	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0	0
沙地	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.5	0
戈壁	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.5	0
盐碱地	0.3	0.1	0.7	0.7	0.4	0
沼泽地	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.4	0
裸地	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.4	0
裸岩石质地	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.4	0
其他	0.3	0	0	0	0.2	0

	生境类型				2010年
	生境类型	Ⅰ级	Ⅱ级	Ⅲ级	Ⅳ级	Ⅴ级	总计/km²	面积占比/%
	Ⅰ级	365.38	59.26	15.89	11.09	1.86	453.49	2.63
	Ⅱ 级	48.97	4230.38	281.82	185.98	22.21	4769.37	27.64
2000年	Ⅲ 级	2.79	61.37	2270.25	371.06	2.19	2707.67	15.69
	Ⅳ 级	1.28	24.47	61.68	4706.20	474.66	5268.28	30.54
	Ⅴ 级	0.00	4.78	10.18	87.24	3951.26	4053.46	23.50
	总计/km²	418.43	4380.27	2639.81	5361.57	4452.19	17252.28
	面积占比/%	2.43	25.39	15.30	31.08	25.81
	面积增减/km²	-35.06	-389.10	-67.86	93.29	398.72

	生境类型				2020年
	生境类型	Ⅰ级	Ⅱ级	Ⅲ级	Ⅳ级	Ⅴ级	总计/km²	面积占比/%
	Ⅰ级	363.96	51.02	2.33	1.12	0.00	418.43	2.43
	Ⅱ 级	20.46	4248.27	69.83	31.63	10.08	4380.27	25.39
2010年	Ⅲ 级	7.45	42.00	2525.07	63.45	1.85	2639.81	15.30
	Ⅳ 级	16.40	18.67	25.91	5235.35	65.23	5361.57	31.08
	Ⅴ 级	1.87	2.78	1.26	44.45	4401.83	4452.19	25.81
	总计/km²	410.14	4362.74	2624.40	5376.00	4479.00	17252.28
	面积占比/%	2.38	25.29	15.21	31.16	25.96
	面积增减/km²	-8.29	-17.53	-15.42	14.43	26.81

基于InVEST模型的共和县生境质量时空变化及驱动因素

Analysis of spatial and temporal changes in habitat quality and driving factors in Gonghe County using the InVEST model

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