青海省多年地表感热通量的时空变化特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.01.04

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 36-49.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.01.04

青海省多年地表感热通量的时空变化特征

孙宽¹(),孙雪岩²,唐艳¹,张亚玲³,刘富刚¹,范克胜¹,杨子琼²,屈志强²()

1.德州学院生态与资源环境学院，山东德州 253023
2.内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院，内蒙古农业大学草地资源教育部重点实验室，内蒙古呼和浩特 010011
3.中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司，天津 300222

收稿日期:2023-03-30 修回日期:2023-05-16 出版日期:2024-01-15 发布日期:2024-01-24
通讯作者: 屈志强. E-mail: qzqimau@163.com
作者简介:孙宽（2001-），男，主要从事干旱区土地沙化研究. E-mail: sunkuan0627@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31960361);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2022MS04010)

Temporal and spatial variations in multi-year surface sensible heat flux in Qinghai Province

SUN Kuan¹(),SUN Xueyan²,TANG Yan¹,ZHANG Yaling³,LIU Fugang¹,FAN Kesheng¹,YANG Ziqiong²,QU Zhiqiang²()

1. School of Ecology Resources and Environment, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, Shandong, China
2. Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources (IMAU), Ministry of Education, College of Grassland, Resource and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, Inner Mongolia, China
3. China Water Resources Beifang Investigation, Design & Research Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300222, China

Received:2023-03-30 Revised:2023-05-16 Online:2024-01-15 Published:2024-01-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取青海省35个气象站观测数据，基于CHEN-WENG感热系数方案，计算了1980—2017年青海省地表感热通量。利用小波分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验和经验正交函数法（Empirical Orthogonal Function，EOF），对感热通量的时空变化特征及其影响因子进行分析。结果表明：（1）1980年以来，青海省全年和各季节感热通量总体上均呈上升趋势，并具有28 a的主周期和约18 a的副周期，冬季的周期变化较为复杂；（2）全年和各季节感热通量与地气温差存在显著相关性，2004—2017年受地气温差增大的影响上升；（3）全年、春季和秋季感热通量与风速存在显著相关性，1980—2004年受风速减小的影响感热通量下降；（4）夏季降水与感热通量呈显著负相关；（5）从空间上看，全年以及春季感热通量呈现出显著的东西分异，秋、冬季表现出一定程度的南北分异。

关键词: 感热通量, EOF分析, M-K检验, 小波分析, 青海省

Abstract:

Based on the Chen-Weng heat exchange parameterized scheme, the average sensible heat flux from 1980 to 2017 in Qinghai Province was calculated using the observation data collected from 35 stations. Temporal and spatial characteristics of the sensible heat fluxes and their impact factors in Qinghai Province were determined using wavelet analysis, Mann-Kendall test, and Empirical Orthogonal Function. The result shows that the seasonal and annual average sensible heat fluxes have risen since 1980. The primary cycle of the annual average sensible heat flux was 28 a, and the secondary cycle was about 18 a. A high correlation between the seasonal and yearly average sensible heat flux with average ground-air temperature difference manifested. The annual average sensible heat flux increased from 2004 to 2017 due to a rise in the average ground-air temperature differences. The correlation of average wind speed with annual, spring, and autumn average sensible heat fluxes was high. The average yearly sensible heat flux decreased from 1980 to 2004 due to a decline in average wind speed. A prominent negative correlation between summer precipitation and sensible heat flux was identified. From the perspective of space, spring and annual average sensible heat fluxes expressed a prominent east-west difference and partly indicated a north-south variation in the autumn and winter.

Key words: sensible heat flux, Empirical Orthogonal Function, Mann-Kendall test, wavelet analysis, Qinghai Province

孙宽, 孙雪岩, 唐艳, 张亚玲, 刘富刚, 范克胜, 杨子琼, 屈志强. 青海省多年地表感热通量的时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(1): 36-49.

SUN Kuan, SUN Xueyan, TANG Yan, ZHANG Yaling, LIU Fugang, FAN Kesheng, YANG Ziqiong, QU Zhiqiang. Temporal and spatial variations in multi-year surface sensible heat flux in Qinghai Province[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(1): 36-49.

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	1980—1989年	1990—1999年	2000—2009年	2010—2017年
全年	-1.90	-1.65	0.87	2.68
春季	-2.60	-1.20	1.27	2.53
夏季	-1.34	-0.66	1.05	0.95
秋季	-1.84	-1.87	0.46	3.25
冬季	-1.74	-2.49	0.59	3.63

	1980—1989年	1990—1999年	2000—2009年	2010—2017年	1980—2017年
全年	-0.05	-0.32	0.73	-0.14	0.16
春季	-0.21	-0.24	0.82	-0.30	0.18
夏季	-0.23	-0.26	0.07	-0.03	0.08
秋季	0.32	-0.42	0.92	-0.91	0.17
冬季	0.03	-0.17	0.87	-0.15	0.19

EOF模态	第一模态	第二模态	第三模态
方差贡献率/%	41.92	13.59	6.62
累计方差贡献率/%	41.92	55.51	62.13

时间	降水	地气温差	风速
全年	0.283^*	0.984^***	-0.352^**
春季	-0.161	0.971^***	-0.476^***
夏季	-0.346^**	0.961^***	-0.087
秋季	0.027	0.994^***	-0.288^*
冬季	0.280^*	0.999^***	-0.212

	Bivariate Moran’s I	P值	Z值
春季感热通量-春季地气温差	0.2513	0.01	3.0492
夏季感热通量-夏季地气温差	0.5429	0.001	6.4479
秋季感热通量-秋季地气温差	0.3547	0.001	4.0801
冬季感热通量-冬季地气温差	0.3648	0.001	4.2058
春季感热通量-春季风速	0.2163	0.01	2.9094
夏季感热通量-夏季风速	0.3353	0.001	4.7587

青海省多年地表感热通量的时空变化特征

Temporal and spatial variations in multi-year surface sensible heat flux in Qinghai Province

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