1981—2020年新疆冬季区域极端低温事件的多时间尺度环流特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.05.01

Abstract

Abstract:

This study identifies regional extreme cold events in Xinjiang during winters between 1981 and 2020 using ERA5 daily minimum temperature reanalysis data and analyzes their multi-timescale circulation characteristics with National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data. Results demonstrate that Xinjiang experienced 30 regional extreme cold events in winters during 1981-2020. Notably, events lasting >21 d in December exhibited the highest frequency and longest duration. The average and peak daily average temperature anomalies during these events were closely related to their duration—the longer the duration, the greater the temperature deviation and more pronounced negative temperature anomalies for the corresponding month (or season). When regional extreme cold events lasting >11 occurred in January or February, the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere exhibited a typical negative Arctic Oscillation phase. For events lasting >21 d strong positive 500 hPa geopotential height anomaly center formed over the North Pacific. Simultaneously, the stable trough-ridge pattern in the mid-to-high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere facilitated the persistent influence of cold air. For events lasting 8-10 and >11 d, the characteristic circulation patterns gradually developed 3 and 6 d in advance, respectively. When events lasting >21 d reached their peak intensity, a robust and stable 500 hPa positive geopotential height anomaly over the North Pacific established a circulation pattern conducive to the sustained influence of cold air.

Key words: extreme low-temperature events, multi-scale circulation, Arctic Oscillation (AO), Xinjiang

CHEN Ying, LIU Jing, SHAO Weiling, Jiazila BAISHAN, TIAN Shuting. Multi-time scale circulation characteristics of extreme low-temperature events in Xinjiang during winter from 1981 to 2020[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(5): 775-787.

Figures/Tables 10

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References 23

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序号	开始时间	结束时间	峰值时间	持续天数/d	峰值日覆盖率/%
1	1984-02-16	1984-03-02	1984-02-25	16	97.1
2	1984-12-13	1985-01-14	1984-12-20	33	93.0
3	1987-11-24	1987-12-08	1987-11-27	15	85.4
4	1988-02-09	1988-02-19	1988-02-16	11	80.7
5	1988-02-24	1988-03-09	1988-02-28	15	86.6
6	1991-02-16	1991-02-23	1991-02-18	8	88.3
7	1994-01-15	1994-01-22	1994-01-17	8	89.4
8	1996-01-11	1996-01-20	1996-01-15	10	74.2
9	1996-02-14	1996-02-23	1996-02-20	10	66.3
10	1996-12-03	1996-12-11	1996-12-05	9	85.3
11	1997-11-10	1997-12-12	1997-11-15	33	90.9
12	1998-01-14	1998-01-21	1998-01-19	8	74.8
13	2000-02-19	2000-03-04	2000-02-23	15	81.8
14	2001-12-01	2001-12-22	2001-12-12	22	91.3
15	2002-12-20	2003-01-05	2003-01-01	17	57.3
16	2004-01-30	2004-02-07	2004-02-03	9	81.9
17	2004-12-24	2005-01-01	2004-12-30	9	46.7
18	2005-01-26	2005-02-11	2005-02-06	17	66.3
19	2005-12-09	2005-12-16	2005-12-13	8	55.9
20	2006-01-02	2006-01-10	2006-01-06	9	70.1
21	2008-01-19	2008-02-17	2008-02-12	30	77.1
22	2010-02-08	2010-02-18	2010-02-11	11	51.1
23	2010-12-29	2011-01-22	2011-01-09	25	84.3
24	2012-01-18	2012-01-30	2012-01-21	13	80.3
25	2012-12-15	2013-01-09	2012-12-22	26	77.7
26	2013-02-08	2013-02-19	2013-02-18	12	56.2
27	2014-02-02	2014-02-17	2014-02-10	16	61.3
28	2014-12-08	2014-12-18	2014-12-11	11	69.0
29	2018-01-24	2018-02-11	2018-01-30	19	70.2
30	2018-12-02	2018-12-15	2018-12-07	14	70.1

	8~10 d	11~20 d	21 d以上
12月	3	4	5
1月	5	3	1
2月	2	7	0

	峰值日覆盖率/%	事件平均气温与同期对比/℃	峰值日平均气温与事件同期对比/℃	当月气温距平/℃	当季气温距平/℃
8~10 d	73.3	-4.7	-6.6	-1.0	-0.7
11~20 d	72.4	-5.1	-7.7	-2.2	-0.6
21 d以上	85.7	-5.6	-7.9	-3.1	-1.5

Multi-time scale circulation characteristics of extreme low-temperature events in Xinjiang during winter from 1981 to 2020

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