甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理评价

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.01.29

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (1): 301-311.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.01.29

甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理评价

姜伟¹(),席海洋²(),程文举^2,³,刘芹¹

1.甘肃省农村饮水安全管理办公室,甘肃兰州 730000
2.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,中国科学院内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室,阿拉善荒漠生态-水文试验研究站,甘肃兰州 730000
3.中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-05-08 修回日期:2021-07-13 出版日期:2022-01-15 发布日期:2022-01-24
通讯作者: 席海洋
作者简介:姜伟（1966-）,男,高级工程师,主要从事农村饮水安全规划及管理. E-mail: 975753484@qq.com
基金资助:
甘肃省农村饮水安全后评价研究(E039040301)

Evaluation of the operation and management of rural drinking water safety projects in Gansu Province

JIANG Wei¹(),XI Haiyang²(),CHENG Wenju^2,³,LIU Qin¹

1. Rural Drinking Water Safety Management Office of Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
2. Alxa Desert Ecology-Hydrological Experimental Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-05-08 Revised:2021-07-13 Online:2022-01-15 Published:2022-01-24
Contact: Haiyang XI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农村饮水安全工程是实现全面小康的重大民生工程。研究基于统计数据、实地走访和调查问卷,运用熵权法和模糊数学法,对甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理现状进行评价。旨在建立较全面系统且合理长效的评价体系,同时分析目前饮水安全工程运行管理中存在的问题。结果表明：（1）甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理状况良好,但是省内地区间差异较大,表现为河西5市的评价结果较好,南部各县（市、区）的评价结果相对较差。（2）对评价等级为“一般”的地区,需要针对政策落实、管理条例更新执行、提升公众维护意识、水管员队伍建设以及供水管道的智能化建设方面进一步优化部署。经过多年的实践探索,甘肃省形成了集中供水工程和分散供水工程并举的特色饮水安全工程建设模式。本研究以期为农村饮水安全工程建设提供切实可行的对策建议,同时也为今后甘肃省乃至全国其他地区的农村饮水安全建设提供技术支撑与科学依据。

关键词: 农村饮水安全, 饮水工程, 运行管理, 评价, 甘肃

Abstract:

Rural drinking water safety projects are major livelihood initiatives for achieving a well-off society in an all-round way. Based on statistical data, field visits and questionnaires, this study used entropy methods and fuzzy mathematics to evaluate the current status of operation and management of rural drinking water safety projects in Gansu Province. The aim was to establish a more comprehensive, systematic, and long-term evaluation system and, at the same time, analyze the existing problems in the operation and management of the currently active drinking water safety projects. The results show that (1) the overall operation and management of rural drinking water safety projects in Gansu Province is good, but there are large differences among provinces. The evaluation results for five cities in Hexi are better than those for the southern counties, which are generally poor. (2) For areas with a “general” evaluation grade, it is necessary to increase capital investment and management, especially for policy implementation, update and implementation of management regulations, raise public awareness, establishment of plumber teams, intelligent construction of water supply pipelines, and further deployment optimization. After years of practical exploration, Gansu Province has formed a special drinking water safety project construction model that simultaneously develops centralized water supply projects and decentralized water supply projects. This study aims to provide practical countermeasures and suggestions for the development of rural drinking water safety projects, and also provide technical support and a scientific basis for the establishment of rural drinking water safety practices in Gansu Province and other parts of the country in the future.

Key words: rural drinking water safety, drinking water project, operation management, evaluation, Gansu

姜伟,席海洋,程文举,刘芹. 甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理评价[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(1): 301-311.

JIANG Wei,XI Haiyang,CHENG Wenju,LIU Qin. Evaluation of the operation and management of rural drinking water safety projects in Gansu Province[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(1): 301-311.

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评价目标	一级指标	二级指标	指标注释
甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理评价A	组织管理A₁	政策体系A₁₁	对饮水工程运行管理的引导和推动作用
		管理体制A₁₂	应对问题的原则和调节机制
		管理人员配备A₁₃	是否有专业供水管理经验的管理人员或经过培训的兼职人员
		健全机制与执行力A₁₄	管理人员应对问题的执行力和效率
	工程管理A₂	供水保证率A₂₁	预期供水量在多年供水中能够得到充分满足的年数出现的概率
		生产工艺及设备A₂₂	取水和净水工艺设计是否合理,水处理设备是否及时更新换代
		设施及管网状况A₂₃	蓄水设施和供水管道是否有损坏,即供水设施的完好率
		乡村级水管员A₂₄	行政村水管员占有量
	安全管理A₃	供水水质A₃₁	区域内的水质监测覆盖比率
		应急能力A₃₂	是否建立农村饮用水工程数据库以及饮用水安全保障应急预案
		环境卫生A₃₃	农村饮水安全工程建成后,当地居民卫生环境状况是否有所改善
	经济管理A₄	水费征收率A₄₁	区域内实际征收的水费与应缴水费的比例
	经济管理A₄	资金管理A₄₂	工程建设以及运营过程中资金管理是否合理
	可持续能力A₅	维修养护A₅₁	能否及时对饮水工程进行维修和养护
		资金扶持A₅₂	是否有专项资金支持农村饮水安全工程的建设
		水源保护A₅₃	水源地是否有保护措施

评价指标	指标性质	评价等级
评价指标	指标性质	优秀	良好	一般	较差
政策体系A₁₁	定性	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.4
管理体制A₁₂	定性	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.2
人员配备A₁₃	定性	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.2
健全机制与执行力A₁₄	定性	0.6	0.45	0.3	0.15
供水能力A₂₁	定量	95%	85%	70%	60%
生产工艺及设备A₂₂	定性	0.8	0.6	0.3	0.2
设施及管网状况A₂₃	定量	90%	80%	70%	60%
乡村级管理员A₂₄	定性	0.2	0.4	0.6	0.8
供水水质监测率A₃₁	定量	90%	75%	60%	50%
应急能力A₃₂	定性	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.2
环境卫生A₃₃	定性	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.3
水费征收率A₄₁	定量	90%	80%	70%	60%
资金管理A₄₂	定性	0.9	0.7	0.5	0.3
维修养护A₅₁	定性	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.2
资金扶持A₅₂	定性	0.8	0.6	0.3	0.2
水源保护A₅₃	定性	0.9	0.7	0.4	0.2

评价目标	一级指标	权重	二级指标	权重	归一化权重
甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理评价A	组织管理A₁	0.25	政策体系A₁₁	0.30	0.0750
			管理体制A₁₂	0.24	0.0607
			管理人员配备A₁₃	0.26	0.0652
			健全机制与执行力A₁₄	0.20	0.0503
	工程管理A₂	0.20	供水保证率A₂₁	0.30	0.0602
			生产工艺及设备A₂₂	0.28	0.0559
			设施及管网状况A₂₃	0.30	0.0593
			乡村级水管员A₂₄	0.12	0.0246
	安全管理A₃	0.20	供水水质A₃₁	0.43	0.0860
			应急能力A₃₃	0.32	0.0645
			环境卫生A₃₅	0.25	0.0497
	经济管理A₄	0.14	水费征收率A₄₁	0.56	0.0779
	经济管理A₄	0.14	资金管理A₄₂	0.44	0.0621
	可持续能力A₅	0.21	维修养护A₅₁	0.35	0.0730
			资金扶持A₅₂	0.33	0.0697
			水源保护A₅₃	0.32	0.0673

甘肃省农村饮水安全工程运行管理评价

Evaluation of the operation and management of rural drinking water safety projects in Gansu Province

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