干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 984-997.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.06.08
唐维春1(), 刘小娥1, 苏世平1(
), 田晓娟2, 唐庆童1, 张婧3
收稿日期:
2023-08-10
修回日期:
2024-01-16
出版日期:
2024-06-15
发布日期:
2024-07-03
通讯作者:
苏世平. E-mail: susp008@163.com
作者简介:
唐维春(1994-),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为水土保持与荒漠化防治. E-mail: mnbvcxzgfs@163.com
基金资助:
TANG Weichun1(), LIU Xiao’e1, SU Shiping1(
), TIAN Xiaojuan2, TANG Qingtong1, ZHANG Jing3
Received:
2023-08-10
Revised:
2024-01-16
Online:
2024-06-15
Published:
2024-07-03
摘要:
土壤氮素矿化是土壤中氮素循环的关键过程,而温度是影响土壤氮素矿化的最重要的因素之一,研究温度变化对不同演替阶段群落土壤氮素矿化特征的影响,对于明确陆地生态系统中土壤氮素循环过程具有重要意义。本研究以甘肃兴隆山不同演替阶段群落为研究对象,采用室内恒温好气培养法,研究不同演替阶段群落[(草地、灌丛林、白桦林(Betula platyphylla forest)、青杄-白桦林(Picea wilsonii-Betula platyphylla forest)和青杄林(Picea wilsonii forest)]在不同温度(15 ℃、25 ℃和35 ℃)下的土壤氮素矿化特征。结果表明:(1) 除草地的0~20 cm土层外,其余演替阶段群落土壤氮素矿化速率随着温度(15~35 ℃)的增加而增大,且不同演替阶段群落土壤氮素累积矿化量随着温度的增加而增加;(2) 随着演替的正向推进,不同演替阶段群落土壤氮素矿化速率与累积矿化量均呈先升高后降低趋势, 白桦林的土壤氮素矿化速率最大,分别均是草地、灌丛林、青杄-白桦林、青杄林的1.63倍、1.61倍、1.25倍、1.47倍;而青杄-白桦林的累积矿化量最高,分别是草地、灌丛林、白桦林、青杄林的0.68倍、0.72倍、0.84倍、0.97倍;(3) 随着土壤深度的增加,土壤氮素矿化速率与累积矿化量均呈降低趋势,以0~20 cm土层的最大;(4) 不同演替阶段群落在15 ℃培养和25 ℃培养下的温度敏感系数Q10均有显著差异(P<0.05),随着演替的正向进行,温度敏感系数Q10呈先降低后增加趋势,而不同演替阶段群落在25 ℃培养和35 ℃培养下的温度敏感系数Q10均无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究结果将为群落土壤的质量演变和土壤供氮能力的动态变化提供理论依据。
唐维春, 刘小娥, 苏世平, 田晓娟, 唐庆童, 张婧. 甘肃兴隆山不同演替阶段群落土壤氮素矿化对温度的响应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(6): 984-997.
TANG Weichun, LIU Xiao’e, SU Shiping, TIAN Xiaojuan, TANG Qingtong, ZHANG Jing. Response of soil nitrogen mineralization to temperature along the different successional stages in Xinglong Mountain, Gansu Province, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 984-997.
表1
不同演替阶段群落概况"
样地名称 | 地理位置 | 海拔/m | 植被类型 |
---|---|---|---|
草地 | 35°47.336′N,104°03.929′E | 2821 | 草地 |
灌丛林 | 35°47.312′N,104°03.009′E | 2810 | 灌丛 |
白桦林 Betula platyphylla forest | 35°47.979′N,104°03.501′E | 2803 | 森林 |
青杄-白桦林 Picea wilsonii-Betula platyphylla forest | 35°46.827′N,104°03.986′E | 2811 | 森林 |
青杄林 Picea wilsonii forest | 35°47.323′N,104°03.068′E | 2813 | 森林 |
表2
不同演替阶段群落土壤基本理化性质"
样地名称 | 土层/cm | 田间持水量/% | pH | 全氮/(g·kg-1) | 有机质含量/(g·kg-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
草地 | 0~20 | 64.12±3.34Ca | 4.25±0.16Da | 2.36±0.47Aa | 140.376±Aa |
20~40 | 43.31±0.86Cb | 4.54±0.20Ca | 2.30±1.09Aa | 107.322±Ab | |
40~60 | 7.48±0.23Dc | 4.42±0.34Ba | 1.70±0.89Aa | 75.649±Ac | |
灌丛林 | 0~20 | 29.17±1.05Ea | 4.95±0.10Ba | 2.57±0.79Aa | 71.795±Ca |
20~40 | 26.01±0.86Db | 4.65±0.26Cab | 2.50±0.35Aa | 38.741±Db | |
40~60 | 23.20±1.98Cc | 4.43±0.32Bb | 2.13±0.31Aa | 27.068±Cc | |
白桦林 | 0~20 | 51.22±1.94Da | 4.48±0.10Cb | 2.98±0.76Aa | 38.713±Da |
20~40 | 40.02±1.90Cb | 4.52±0.06Cb | 3.07±0.84Aa | 25.659±Eb | |
40~60 | 33.78±4.17Bc | 4.72±0.10Ba | 2.35±0.25Aa | 13.986±Dc | |
青杄-白桦林 | 0~20 | 119.61±9.44Ba | 5.25±0.10Ac | 2.97±1.15Aa | 134.043±Aa |
20~40 | 77.20±2.14Ab | 5.53±0.10Bb | 2.45±0.64Aa | 100.989±Bb | |
40~60 | 68.21±3.14Ab | 5.81±0.10Aa | 2.02±0.60Aa | 69.316±Bc | |
青杄林 | 0~20 | 147.63±2.44Aa | 5.32±0.10Ab | 2.74±1.04Aa | 95.49±Ba |
20~40 | 66.07±6.04Bb | 5.87±0.10Aa | 2.36±0.71Aa | 62.436±Cb | |
40~60 | 23.05±2.02Cc | 5.91±0.10Aa | 2.01±0.73Aa | 30.763±Cc |
表3
土壤氮素矿化量和矿化速率的影响因子方差分析"
因素 | 土壤氮素累积矿化量 | 土壤氮素矿化速率 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
III 型平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F | P | III 型平方和 | 自由度 | 均方 | F | P | ||
C | 3050551.806 | 4 | 762637.951 | 189.075 | 0.000 | 3639.320 | 4 | 909.830 | 61.053 | 0.000 | |
T | 2919342.847 | 2 | 1459671.424 | 361.885 | 0.000 | 6658.647 | 2 | 3329.323 | 223.409 | 0.000 | |
SL | 10308879.556 | 2 | 5154439.778 | 1277.900 | 0.000 | 15483.943 | 2 | 7741.972 | 519.512 | 0.000 | |
C×T | 70743.412 | 8 | 8842.926 | 2.192 | 0.035 | 369.822 | 8 | 46.228 | 3.102 | 0.004 | |
C×SL | 190889.919 | 8 | 23861.240 | 5.916 | 0.000 | 1140.050 | 8 | 142.506 | 9.563 | 0.000 | |
T×SL | 521920.410 | 4 | 130480.102 | 32.349 | 0.000 | 734.509 | 4 | 183.627 | 12.322 | 0.000 | |
C×T×SL | 209610.291 | 16 | 13100.643 | 3.248 | 0.000 | 448.110 | 16 | 28.007 | 1.879 | 0.033 |
表4
不同演替阶段群落的最大矿化速率和累积矿化量多重比较"
群落类型或 土壤深度 | 土壤氮素累积矿化量/(mg·kg-1) | 最大矿化速率/(mg·kg-1·d-1) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
15 ℃ | 25 ℃ | 35 ℃ | 15 ℃ | 25 ℃ | 35 ℃ | ||
0~20 cm | 304.57±3.19cⅠ | 390.27±11.19bⅠ | 442.74±12.97aⅠ | 9.32±0.85bⅠ | 15.79±1.28aⅠ | 18.64±0.65aⅠ | |
20~40 cm | 198.28±13.21bⅡ | 277.17±17.12aⅡ | 288.11±15.25aⅡ | 4.56±0.16bⅡ | 8.81±0.79aⅡ | 9.31±0.41aⅡ | |
40~60 cm | 157.08±9.15bⅢ | 196.36±13.45aⅢ | 211.00±9.22aⅢ | 2.81±0.24bⅡ | 5.39±0.45aⅢ | 6.26±0.45aⅢ | |
草地 | 162.98±8.77Cb | 245.08±14.06Ba | 271.06±17.46Ca | 3.3847±0.39Db | 10.00±0.84ABa | 11.40±0.51Ba | |
灌丛林 | 179.72±8.29Cb | 254.95±13.49Ba | 364.36±16.45Ca | 3.62±0.33CDc | 8.38±0.83Bb | 10.49±0.37Ba | |
白桦林 | 296.22±9.63Ab | 343.33±17.04Aa | 366.69±11.48Aa | 9.84±0.51Ab | 12.36±0.69Aa | 14.09±0.32Aa | |
青杄-白桦林 | 239.82±10.41Bb | 323.15±11.32Aa | 345.03±14.83ABa | 6.18±0.32Bb | 10.86±1.02ABa | 12.08±0.67Ba | |
青杄林 | 221.15±5.49Bb | 273.17±13.69Ba | 303.79±11.27BCa | 4.79±0.53Cb | 9.58±0.86ABa | 10.30±0.72Ba |
表5
不同演替阶段群落的温度敏感系数Q10"
温度/℃ | 植被类型 | 氮矿化速率 /(mg·kg-1·d-1) | 比值 | Q10 |
---|---|---|---|---|
15 | 草地 | 1.983 | ||
灌丛林 | 1.979 | |||
青杄林 | 2.657 | |||
白桦林 | 5.634 | |||
青杄-白桦林 | 3.743 | |||
25 | 草地 | 5.617 | 25/15 | 2.832±0.112A |
灌丛林 | 4.989 | 25/15 | 2.521±0.147B | |
青杄林 | 5.892 | 25/15 | 2.217±0.138C | |
白桦林 | 7.583 | 25/15 | 1.346±0.050E | |
青杄-白桦林 | 6.032 | 25/15 | 1.612±0.035D | |
35 | 草地 | 6.116 | 35/25 | 1.089±0.076A |
灌丛林 | 5.358 | 35/25 | 1.074±0.097A | |
青杄林 | 5.662 | 35/25 | 0.961±0.077A | |
白桦林 | 8.339 | 35/25 | 1.1±0.075A | |
青杄-白桦林 | 6.506 | 35/25 | 1.079±0.079A | |
15 | 3.199 | |||
25 | 6.022 | 25/15 | 1.882 | |
35 | 6.396 | 35/25 | 1.062 |
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