基于InVEST模型的1999—2016年麻塔流域碳储量变化及空间格局研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.01.28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

区域碳储量是生态系统功能的重要度量指标,探索土地改造对区域碳储量变化的影响,对于协调区域生态建设和生态产业发展具有重要意义。基于InVEST模型和地理信息系统技术,研究了陕西省延安南部麻塔流域1999—2016年土地结构改造过程中区域碳储量变化,并探讨坡度、坡向、坡位对碳储量空间分布的影响。结果表明：麻塔流域18 a的土地改造使得区域碳储量增加1688.36 Mg（碳密度增加6.92 Mg·hm²）,总固碳功能提升约7.63%。森林、草地和果园土地类型面积的增加是植被转换后流域景观碳储量提升的主要贡献者。碳储量增加的空间位置主要分布在半阴坡、中上坡位以及坡度10°~30°。本研究认为林草植被建设和经济果林建设两者都有利于增强麻塔流域景观固碳能力。麻塔流域土地转换模式能够协调区域生态建设和生态产业的发展,在黄土丘陵区具有较好的推广价值。

关键词: 碳储量, 空间格局, InVEST模型, 生态系统服务, 麻塔流域

Abstract:

The soil and water conservation forests in the areas surrounding Yan’an city are being replaced by economic forests such as orchard, which will definitely have an impact on the regional carbon storage. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a method to quantify the impact of orchard construction on the regional carbon storage capacity. Based on the InVEST model and ArcGIS platform, this study evaluated the change in carbon storage in the Mata Watershed in southern Yan’an from 1999 to 2016, and explored the influence of slope, slope aspect, and slope position on the spatial distribution of change in carbon storage. The results showed that the carbon storage of forest, grassland, and orchard has increased, whereas that of shrub, cropland, and other lands has declined during the 18 years of vegetation and reconstruction in the Mata Watershed (mainly orchard construction). The regional total carbon storage has increased by 7.63%, of which 39.71% has been contributed by orchard. The increase in spatial position of carbon storage was mainly located in half-shaded-slopes, middle, and top of slopes; as well as slopes with range of 10°-30°. This study provides a methodological case study for quantifying the impact of economic forest construction on regional carbon storage function in the loess hilly region.

Key words: carbon storage, spatial pattern, InVEST model, ecosystem services, Mata Watershed

刘冠,李国庆,李洁,张艳如,鲁奇,杜盛. 基于InVEST模型的1999—2016年麻塔流域碳储量变化及空间格局研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(1): 267-274.

LIU Guan,LI Guoqing,LI Jie,ZHANG Yanru,LU Qi,DU Sheng. Study on change in carbon storage and its spatial pattern in Mata Watershed from 1999 to 2016 based on InVEST model[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(1): 267-274.

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1999年	2016年
1999年	森林	灌木	草地	果园	农田	其他	合计
森林	5.21	2.07	1.96	1.94	0.27	0.15	11.60
灌木	7.53	15.23	17.96	26.32	3.08	6.66	76.78
草地	0.83	1.06	4.99	10.37	1.55	2.66	21.46
果园	6.10	8.59	20.43	43.07	2.68	3.27	84.14
农田	0.11	0.53	3.38	12.01	1.28	1.85	19.16
其他	0.15	0.35	5.86	21.26	1.05	0.67	29.34
合计	19.93	27.83	54.58	114.97	9.91	15.26	242.48

土地利用类型	编码	地上生物碳密度/(Mg·hm²)	地下生物碳密度/(Mg·hm²)	土壤碳密度/(Mg·hm²)	死亡有机碳密度/(Mg·hm²)
森林	1	44.60	11.10	106.10	1.90
灌木	2	7.59	4.00	80.50	0.80
草地	3	1.34	10.07	85.40	0.45
果园	4	14.10	5.60	76.00	0.03
农田	5	3.00	0.68	76.83	0.07
其他	6	0.00	0.00	40.90	0.00