拉萨河流域土地利用与生态系统服务价值时空演变及驱动因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.06.11

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1021-1031.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.06.11 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2024.06.11

拉萨河流域土地利用与生态系统服务价值时空演变及驱动因素

周建伟¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 罗君²^,³^,⁴(), 马雪洋⁵

1.西藏大学生态环境学院，西藏拉萨 850000
2.西华师范大学地理科学学院，四川南充 637009
3.四川省干旱河谷土壤侵蚀监测与控制工程实验室，四川南充 637009
4.大小凉山干旱河谷土壤侵蚀与生态修复野外科学观测研究站，四川喜德 616753
5.西华师范大学环境科学与工程学院，四川南充 637009

收稿日期:2022-11-23 修回日期:2024-02-09 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-07-03
作者简介:周建伟（1995-），男，在读博士研究生，从事高原生态学研究. E-mail: gesang3650@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41971015)

Spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of land use and ecosystem service value in the Lhasa River Basin, China

ZHOU Jianwei¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), LUO Jun²^,³^,⁴(), MA Xueyang⁵

1. School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China
2. School of Geographical Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
3. Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Monitoring and Control for Soil Erosion on Dry Valleys, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China
4. Liangshan Soil Erosion and Ecological Restoration in Dry Valleys Observation and Research Station, Xide 616753, Sichuan, China
5. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, Sichuan, China

Received:2022-11-23 Revised:2024-02-09 Published:2024-06-15 Online:2024-07-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土地利用变化对生态文明建设产生强烈影响，进而威胁经济社会与生态环境的可持续发展。基于高精度土地利用数据，分析了拉萨河流域2000—2020年土地利用和生态系统服务价值（Ecosystem Service Value, ESV）时空演变特征，并借助PLUS模型和地理探测器分别探索了土地利用变化和ESV空间分异的驱动因素。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年拉萨河流域土地利用以草地为主，占流域总面积的85.23%。土地利用呈草地缩减，其余地类扩张的趋势。其中，草地减少2.45%，建设用地、水域和林地分别扩张199.72%、44.64%和21.97%。（2）流域土地利用变化受海拔、年均地温、距湖泊和水库距离等因素影响，其中，海拔对耕地、林地、水域和建设用地扩张的贡献度分别高达0.18、0.11、0.28和0.13，坡度和年均地温对草地和未利用地变化的贡献度分别为0.14和0.15。（3） 2000—2020年流域ESV总体增加1.14%（14.96×10⁸元），草地和气候调节分别为ESV贡献最突出的土地利用类型和生态系统服务类型，两者的贡献率分别为87.13%和25.50%。（4）流域ESV具有显著空间分异性，受NDVI、海拔、年均风速和年均气温等因子影响。其中，NDVI的解释力高达0.46，任意两两因子的交互均会增强ESV的分异性。研究结果可为拉萨河流域及类似区域国土空间规划和生态文明建设提供科学参考。

关键词: 土地利用, 生态系统服务价值, 驱动因子, 拉萨河流域

Abstract:

Change in land use profoundly impacts ecological development, posing a consequential threat to the sustainable progress of society, civilization, economy, and the environment. Based on high-precision land use data from 2000 to 2020, this study delves into the spatiotemporal evolution of land use and ecosystem service value (ESV) in the Lhasa River Basin. By employing PLUS models and geographic detectors, the driving factors of land use alterations and the spatial differentiation of ESV were explored. The findings reveal that (1) The predominant land use in the Lhasa River Basin was grassland from 2000 to 2020, constituting 85.23% of the total basin area, indicating a trend of grassland reduction and expansion of other land types; specifically, the grasslands decreased by 2.45%, while construction land, water area, and forest land expanded by 199.72%, 44.64%, and 21.97%, respectively. (2) The change in land use within the watershed was intricately influenced by factors such as altitude, annual average ground temperature, and distance from lakes and reservoirs. Altitude, in particular, exhibited a substantial contribution to the expansion of cultivated, forest, water bodies, and construction lands, with respective values of 0.18, 0.11, 0.28, and 0.13. Slope and annual average ground temperature contributed significantly to changes in grass and unused lands, registering values of 0.14 and 0.15, respectively. (3) From 2000 to 2020, the overall ESV of the watershed increased by 1.14% (1.496 billion yuan). Grassland and climate regulation were the land use and ecosystem service types with the most prominent respective contributions of 87.13% and 25.50% to the ESV. (4) Furthermore, the ESV within the watershed exhibited substantial spatial differentiation, influenced by factors including NDVI, altitude, annual average wind speed, and annual average temperature. The explanatory power of NDVI reached a notable 0.46, and the interaction between any two factors accentuated ESV differentiation. These research outcomes provide valuable scientific insights for guiding the spatial planning and ecological and civilizational development of the Lhasa River Basin and analogous regions.

Key words: land use, ecosystem service value, driving factors, Lhasa River Basin

周建伟, 罗君, 马雪洋. 拉萨河流域土地利用与生态系统服务价值时空演变及驱动因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(6): 1021-1031.

ZHOU Jianwei, LUO Jun, MA Xueyang. Spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of land use and ecosystem service value in the Lhasa River Basin, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 1021-1031.

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生态系统服务类型	土地利用类型
生态系统服务类型	耕地	林地	草地	水域	建设用地	未利用地
食物生产	2920.16	927.58	790.16	2748.38	34.35	34.35
原料生产	1374.19	2164.35	1168.06	790.16	0.00	103.06
水资源供给	68.71	1133.71	652.74	28480.13	0.00	68.71
气体调节	2301.77	7111.44	4156.93	2645.32	0.00	171.77
气候调节	1236.77	21299.98	10959.18	7867.25	0.00	343.55
净化环境	343.55	6183.86	3607.25	19066.91	0.00	515.32
水文调节	927.58	13260.95	8039.02	351243.48	0.00	343.55
土壤保持	3538.54	8657.41	5050.16	3195.00	68.71	446.61
维持养分循环	412.26	652.74	377.90	240.48	0.00	34.35
生物多样性	446.61	7901.60	4603.54	8760.47	1168.06	412.26
美学景观	206.13	3469.83	2026.93	6493.06	34.35	171.77
合计	13776.27	72763.47	41431.89	431530.64	1305.48	2645.32

	ESV等级
	极低价值	低价值	中等低价值	高价值	极高价值
2000年	3.87	13.34	64.35	17.74	0.69
2005年	3.57	13.47	65.01	17.28	0.66
2010年	3.35	12.73	64.37	18.58	0.96
2015年	3.73	14.24	63.39	17.44	1.20
2020年	4.33	14.75	59.42	20.00	1.50

拉萨河流域土地利用与生态系统服务价值时空演变及驱动因素

Spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of land use and ecosystem service value in the Lhasa River Basin, China

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