乌兰布和沙漠风沙入黄段植被覆盖动态变化特征及驱动力

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.04.10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于2001—2021年Landsat影像数据，结合归一化植被指数（NDVI）和像元二分模型估算植被覆盖度，探究乌兰布和沙漠风沙入黄段植被覆盖度时空变化趋势及驱动力，以期为乌兰布和沙漠风沙入黄段植被恢复和未来生态建设重点区域的选择提供理论依据。结果表明：（1）研究区植被覆盖度整体呈波动上升趋势，植被恢复状况良好，平均植被覆盖度由0.294增加至0.526，其中，2007—2017年增幅最为明显。（2） 2001—2021年乌兰布和沙漠风沙入黄段不同等级植被覆盖度间转移频繁，其中，低植被覆盖和较低植被覆盖大面积转出为中等植被覆盖和较高植被覆盖，其转出面积分别为102.00 km²和128.82 km²。除此之外，研究区内有42.1%的区域呈显著增加趋势，4.90%的区域趋向于显著减少，多分布于近乌海段，该段应是未来生态修复中重点关注区域。（3）该区植被覆盖空间分异性主要受人类活动和气候因子共同驱动，各驱动因子之间的交互作用以双因子增强为主，其中，影响程度最高的关键性交互因子为土地利用类型和年平均气温。本研究有序分段地探究乌兰布和沙漠风沙入黄段植被覆盖度动态变化特征及驱动力，为研究区荒漠化防治、土地合理利用和高质量发展提供理论和数据支撑。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 时空变化, 驱动因子, 乌兰布和沙漠

Abstract:

Based on Landsat imagery data from 2001 to 2021, the NDVI and image dichotomous model were used to estimate vegetation cover and explore the spatial and temporal trends and driving forces of vegetation cover in the Ulan Buhe Desert along the Yellow River. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the restoration of vegetation in the Ulan Buhe Desert along the Yellow River and the selection of key areas for future ecological construction. The results showed that (1) the overall vegetation cover in the study area showed a fluctuating upward trend, and the vegetation restoration status was good. The average vegetation cover increased from 0.294 to 0.526, and this increase was most evident from 2007 to 2017. (2) From 2001 to 2021, the transformation of areas regarding levels of vegetation cover in the Ulan Buhe Desert along the Yellow River was more frequent where large areas of 102.00 km² and 128.82 km², respectively, transformed from low and lower vegetation cover to medium and higher vegetation cover, respectively. In addition, the vegetation cover in 42.1% of the study area tended to increase significantly, mainly in the near Dengkou section, whereas that in 4.90% of the area tended to decrease significantly, mostly near the Wuhai section, which should be the key area of concern in future ecological restoration efforts. (3) The spatial variability of vegetation cover in this area is mainly driven by human activities and climate factors. The interaction between the driving factors is mainly enhanced by two factors, among which the key interaction factors with the highest degree of influence are land use type and annual average temperature. In this study, the dynamic change characteristics and driving forces of vegetation cover in the Ulan Buhe Desert along the Yellow River were studied in a systematic and stepwise manner, providing theoretical and empirical support for desertification control, rational land use and high-quality development in the study area.

Key words: vegetation coverage, temporal and spatial variation, driving factor, Ulan Buhe Desert

赵东颖, 蒙仲举, 孟芮冰, 马泽. 乌兰布和沙漠风沙入黄段植被覆盖动态变化特征及驱动力[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(4): 639-649.

ZHAO Dongying, MENG Zhongju, MENG Ruibing, MA Ze. Dynamic change characteristics and driving forces of vegetation cover in the Ulan Buhe Desert along the Yellow River[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(4): 639-649.

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	高程	年降水	人口空间分布	坡向	年平均气温	年日照时数	土地利用类型	年平均风速
q值	0.05	0.04	0.09	0.002	0.18	0.20	0.24	0.09
P值	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.35	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00