干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1046-1053.

• 植物与植物生理 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木沙漠公路防护林凋落物的持水特性

张栋栋1,2,靳正忠1,徐新文1 ,李生宇1,雷加强1,王永东1,王迎菊1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011; 2. 中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2011-12-08 修回日期:2012-04-25 出版日期:2012-11-15 发布日期:2012-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 靳正忠.E-mail: jinzz@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张栋栋(1987-),男,山东聊城人,硕士研究生,主要从事荒漠化防治研究. E-mail: zdd19871@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030530);国家自然科学基金项目(41101248);中国科学院西部博士专项(XBBS200904,XBBS200905,XBBS200908);中国石油塔里木油田公司科技项目(971010050002)

Study on Water Holding Capacity of Litters in Shelterbelt  along the Tarim Desert Highway

ZHANG Dong-dong1, 2, JIN Zheng-zhong1, XU Xin-wen1, LI Sheng-yu1, LEI Jia-qiang1,  WANG Yong-dong 1,WANG Ying-ju 1, 2   

  1. 1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China; 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2011-12-08 Revised:2012-04-25 Online:2012-11-15 Published:2012-11-19

摘要: 采用野外典型抽样和室内浸水的方法,对4种定植年限不同的塔里木沙漠公路防护林带内凋落物的储量、持水量和吸水速率进行研究。结果表明:① 不同定植年限防护林内凋落物储量依次为:13 a林带 (42.3 t•hm-2) >6 a林带 (39.6 t•hm-2) > 10 a林带 (39.1 t•hm-2) > 7 a林带 (16.2 t•hm-2)。② 沙漠公路防护林的林下未分解层凋落物持水量的排序为:梭梭 >柽柳>沙拐枣;而半分解层凋落物持水量的排序是:柽柳>梭梭>沙拐枣,且防护林内凋落物最大持水量半分解层均大于未分解层。③ 各林龄不同树种不同分解程度的凋落物持水量与浸水时间之间呈对数关系,最佳拟合关系式为W=b+a lg t,吸水速率与浸水时间之间呈幂函数关系,关系式为:V=ktn,凋落物吸水速率在0~1 h内急剧下降,4 h以后下降平稳,其吸水作用逐渐减小。

关键词: 沙漠公路, 防护林, 凋落物, 持水量, 吸水速率, 塔里木

Abstract: In this study, the storage, water holding capacity and water absorption rate of litters in shelterbelts with different ages along the Tarim Desert Highway were studied using the methods of typical sampling and soaking extraction. The results showed that the litter storage in shelterbelts with four different ages was in an order of 13-year-old shelterbelt (42.3 t•hm-2)>6yearold one (39.6 t•hm-2)>10-year-old one (39.1 t•hm-2)>7-year-old one (16.2 t•hm-2).The water holding capacity of the undecomposed litters in shelterbelts along the desert highway was in an order of Haloxylon>Tamarix>Calligonum, and that of the semidecomposed litters was in an order of Tamarix>Haloxylon>Calligonum. The maximum water holding capacity of litters in the semidecomposed layer was higher than that in the undecomposed layer. There was a logarithmic relationship between water holding capacity of litters with different decomposition degrees and watering time, and the optimal fitting relation equation was W=b+a lg t, but a power function relationship between water absorption rate and watering time, and the formula was V=ktn. The water absorption rate was decreased sharply within the first one hour, and reduced stably after 4 hours. Water sorption of litters was decreased gradually.

Key words: desert highway, shelterbelt, litter, water holding capacity, water absorption, Tarim Basin