干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 293-300.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.12

• 植物生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

裸露与沙埋对极端干旱区凋落物分解和养分释放的影响

袁萍1,2(), 韩欢2,3, 赵红梅1,4(), 李从娟2,3   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学资源与环境学院，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所国家荒漠-绿洲生态建设工程技术研究中心，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    3.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
    4.新疆土壤与植物生态过程实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-07 修回日期:2023-11-20 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-11
  • 通讯作者: 赵红梅. E-mail: zhaohongmeidu@163.com
  • 作者简介:袁萍（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事荒漠植物凋落物分解研究. E-mail: 18308160358@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区杰出青年基金(2022D01E97);中国科学院西部青年学者(2021-XBQNXZ-002);自治区“天山英才”(2022TSYCCX0004);自治区“天山英才”(2022TSYCCX0002);国家自然科学基金(32360300)

Effects of bare versus sand burial on the decomposition and nutrient release of apophyges in extremely arid zones

YUAN Ping1,2(), HAN Huan2,3, ZHAO Hongmei1,4(), LI Congjuan2,3   

  1. 1. College of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2. National Engineering Technology Research Center for Desert-Oasis Ecological Construction, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
    4. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2023-08-07 Revised:2023-11-20 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-03-11

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摘要：

为了评估沙漠公路防护林林带裸露与沙埋处理下的凋落物分解和养分动态特征，以梭梭（Haloxylon ammodendron）和乔木状沙拐枣（Calligonum arborescens）同化枝、多枝柽柳（Tamarix ramosissima）叶凋落物为研究对象，用凋落物分解袋法进行分解试验。结果表明：（1）3种凋落物的质量损失在2种处理下均存在显著差异，沙埋处理下凋落物质量损失大于裸露处理，至分解试验结束，裸露处理下梭梭、乔木状沙拐枣和多枝柽柳的失重率分别为7%、6.8%、18.1%；沙埋处理下梭梭、乔木状沙拐枣和多枝柽柳的失重率分别为23.7%、9.7%、21.9%；（2）分解过程中，2种处理下凋落物C、N、P含量变化不太一致，梭梭与乔木状沙拐枣同化枝的N与P含量均呈净富集状态，而C含量则呈现净释放状态；多枝柽柳叶的N和P含量分别呈净富集、净释放状态，C含量为富集-释放状态；（3）分解速率k值与相关因素分析表明，凋落物初始N、P、C:N与C:P含量对分解速率影响显著（P<0.01）。这些结果说明，在极端干旱区，沙埋对凋落物的分解过程有显著的积极影响。

关键词: 极端干旱区, 凋落物分解, 沙埋, 质量残留率

Abstract:

In nutrient-limited environments, apoplastic decomposition is a critical biogeochemical process for carbon (C) and nutrient cycling. Apoplastic decomposition and nutrient release processes are particularly important in arid and extremely arid regions, where deserts and dryads are the dominant ecosystem types. These processes play a crucial role in stabilizing soil, improving texture, and replenishing soil fertility due to the dearth of nutrients and organic matter in the soil. Plant nutrient uptake efficiency in such soil primarily relies on the decomposition of apoplastic material. In extremely arid desert regions like the Taklamakan Desert, apoplastic burial by quicksand is common, yet the complexities and characteristics of apoplastic decomposition under sand burial remain relatively unknown. To characterize the decomposition and nutrient dynamics of apomictic material in desert highway shelterbelt forest strips, we studied assimilated Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum arborescens assimilated branches, along with Tamarix ramosissima leaves, under surface exposure and sand burial treatments 510 days. Additionally, decomposition tests were conducted using the apoplast net bag method. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in mass loss between exposed and sand-buried treatments for the three plant species, with higher mass loss of apomictic material under sand burial. By the end of the decomposition test, the weight loss rates of Haloxylon ammodendron, Calligonum arborescens, and Tamarix ramosissima under the exposed treatment were 7%, 6.8%, and 18.1%, respectively, and those of pike, arborvitae, and multi-branched tamarisk under the sand-buried treatment were 23.7%, 9.7%, and 21.9%, respectively. (2) During the decomposition process, changes in apoplastic C, N, and P contents under the two treatments were inconsistent. The N and P contents of Haloxylon ammodendron and Calligonum arborescens assimilated branches showed a net enrichment, while the C content demonstrated net release. Similarly, the N and P contents of leaves of multi-branched Tamarix ramosissima displayed net enrichment and net release, respectively, while the C content had an enriched-released state. (3) Olson’s exponential decay model was employed to analyze the decomposition process and fit the mass residual rate of the apoplastic material. The decomposition coefficients’ k values for the apoplastic material of the three plants were ranked as follows: sand-buried treatment > bare treatment; (4) An analysis of the k values of the apoplastic material and the related factors showed that the initial N, P, C:N, and C:P contents of the apoplastic material had a significant effect on the rate of decomposition (P < 0.01). These results indicate that sand burial significantly influences the decomposition process of apomictic litter in desert highway protection forests within extremely arid zones.

Key words: extreme arid areas, litter decomposition, sand burial, mass residue rate