干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1054-1058.

• 植物与植物生理 • 上一篇    下一篇

杜鹃叶片气孔长度和密度对海拔变化的响应

徐浩杰，杨太保，曾彪   

  1. 兰州大学资源环境学院，甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2011-12-02 修回日期:2012-02-11 出版日期:2012-11-15 发布日期:2012-11-19
  • 作者简介:徐浩杰（1988-），男，江苏人，硕士研究生，主要从事植物生理生态和全球变化与区域植被响应研究. E-mail: xuhj2011@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    秦惠君—李政道中国大学生科研见习进修项目基金（兰州大学）资助项目；国家自然科学基金项目（40871057,40901056）

Variation of Stomatal Length and Stomatal Density in Leaves of Rhododendrons with Elevation

XU Hao-jie, YANG Tai-bao, ZENG Biao   

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
  • Received:2011-12-02 Revised:2012-02-11 Online:2012-11-15 Published:2012-11-19

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摘要： 利用光学显微镜，研究陇西黄土高原兴隆山自然保护区2 600～3 100 m海拔带内高山杜鹃（Rhododendron lapponicum）和烈香杜鹃（Rhododendron anthopogonoides)（高山杜鹃分布在北坡，烈香杜鹃分布在南坡）叶片气孔长度和密度随海拔高度的变化情况，并通过建立大气温度、大气CO2浓度等环境因子与海拔高度之间的变化关系，探讨了杜鹃叶片气孔长度和密度随海拔高度升高而发生变化的原因。结果表明：海拔高度由低到高，高山杜鹃叶片气孔长度有减小趋势，气孔密度有显著增加趋势；烈香杜鹃叶片气孔长度随海拔高度升高先增大后减小，气孔密度先减小后增大。海拔高度的变化能够引起大气温度、大气CO2浓度和地势等的变化。高山杜鹃通过增加叶片气孔长度并减小叶片气孔密度来适应环境温度和CO2浓度的变化，烈香杜鹃则通过增加叶片气孔长度，并减小叶片气孔密度达到对环境温度、CO2浓度和土壤湿度的最大适合度。

关键词: 杜鹃（Rhododendron）, 气孔长度, 气孔密度, 海拔, 气候变化, 黄土高原, 陇西

Abstract: This paper investigated the stomatal length (SL) and stomatal density (SD) of Rhododendron lapponicum and R. anthopogonoides collected from different altitudes ranging from 2 600 to 3 100 m in Xinglong Mountains. The factors affecting the variations of SL and SD at different altitudes were also analyzed using the data of air temperature, CO2 concentration and terrain. The results showed that SL was decreased but SD increased significantly in leaves of R. lapponicum with the increase of altitude. SL in leaves of R. anthopogonoides was increased at first and then decreased, and SD was opposite. Air temperature and CO2 concentration were strongly affected by altitude. R. lapponicum acclimatizes mainly the change of temperature and CO2 concentration by increasing SL and decreasing SD in its leaves, while R. anthopogonoides acclimatizes mainly the change of air temperature, CO2 concentration and soil moisture content by increasing SL and decreasing SD in its leave.

Key words: Rhododendron, stomatal length, stomatal density, altitude, climate change, Loess Plateau, west Gansu