印度河上游流域冰川度日因子变化及其影响因素

干旱区研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (1): 264-274.

• 生态与环境 • 上一篇

印度河上游流域冰川度日因子变化及其影响因素

巫建逢，张寅生，高海峰，邹小娟， Muhammad Atif Wazir

1.中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原环境变化与地表过程重点实验室，北京 100101； 2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049； 3. 中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心，北京 100101； 4. 巴基斯坦气象局，伊斯兰堡 44000

收稿日期:2019-03-30 修回日期:2019-05-05 出版日期:2020-01-15 发布日期:2020-01-15
通讯作者: 张寅生
作者简介:巫建逢 (1992 - )，男，在读研究生，主要从事寒区水文水资源研究工作.E-mail: jianfengwu@itpcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41661144025)；国家重点研发项目(2017YFA0603101)；中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目(131C11KYSB20160061) 资助

Variation of Degree-day Factors and Its Affecting Factors in the Upper Indus Basin

WU Jian-feng^{1, 2}, ZHANG Yin-sheng^{1, 3}, GAO Hai-feng^{1, 3}, ZOU Xiao-juan^{1, 2}, Muhammad Atif Wazir^{1, 3, 4}

1. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
2. Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4. Pakistan Meteorological Department, Islamabad 44000

Received:2019-03-30 Revised:2019-05-05 Online:2020-01-15 Published:2020-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 当前，基于正积温的度日模型广泛应用于冰川消融研究中，该模型的核心参数是度日因子。根据印度河上游Sachen、Gharko、Barpu冰川2014—2016年的物质平衡和气温实测资料，计算得到消融期内各冰川研究区的度日因子，并分析了度日因子的时空变化特征及影响因素。研究结果显示：Sachen、Gharko、Barpu冰川度日因子均值分别为2.83 mm?d^-1?℃^-1、3.74 mm?d^-1?℃^-1、3.91 mm?d^-1?℃^-1；各冰川度日因子皆随着海拔升高而递增，海拔递增率分别为0.003 7 mm?d^-1?℃^-1?m^-1、0.007 4 mm?d^-1?℃^-1?m^-1、0.004 1 mm?d^-1?℃^-1?m^-1；对于同一观测点而言，度日因子不是一个常数，会随着时间的变化而改变，冰川度日因子随着年际变化呈增加的趋势；度日因子受表碛影响显著，度日因子整体上随着表碛厚度的增加而递减。然而表碛厚度低于2 cm时，表碛的覆盖作用促进了冰川的消融，表碛覆盖区冰川度日因子大于裸露区冰川；冰川朝向的变化对度日因子产生了一定的影响，面向阳坡的冰川度日因子随海拔递增率大于阴坡。

关键词: 冰川, 度日因子, 冰川消融量, 印度河上游流域

Abstract: Currently, the degree-day model based on the sum of daily mean temperature is widely used in glacier ablation research. The degree-day factors for ice ablation of the selected Sachen, Gharko and Barpu glaciers were calculated based on the data of mass balance and meteorology from 2014 to 2016, and their characteristics including the spatiotemporal variation and affecting factors were analyzed. The results showed that the average degree-day factors of the Sachen, Gharko and Barpu glaciers were 2.83, 3.74 and 3.91 mm?d^-1?℃^-1 respectively. The degree-day factors of the glaciers increased with the increase of elevation, and the increase rates of degree-day factors of the Sachen, Gharko and Barpu glaciers were 0.003 7, 0.007 4 and 0.004 1 mm?d^-1?℃^-1 respectively. The degree-day factor was not a constant, it changed with the time and was affected significantly by surface moraine, and it was holistically decreased with the increase of surface moraine thickness. The coverage of surface moraine thinner than 2 cm could promote the glacier ablation, and the degree-day factor in the glacier area covered by surface moraine was higher than that without surface moraine. Glacier aspect affected the degree-day factor to a certain extent, and the degree-day factor on the sunny slope was higher than that on the shady slope.

Key words: ')">

, glacier, degree-day factor, ')"> glacier ablation, Indus Basin

巫建逢, 张寅生, 高海峰, 邹小娟, Muhammad Atif Wazir. 印度河上游流域冰川度日因子变化及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(1): 264-274.

WU Jian-feng, , ZHANG Yin-sheng, , GAO Hai-feng, , ZOU Xiao-juan, , Muhammad Atif Wazir, , . Variation of Degree-day Factors and Its Affecting Factors in the Upper Indus Basin[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(1): 264-274.

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印度河上游流域冰川度日因子变化及其影响因素

Variation of Degree-day Factors and Its Affecting Factors in the Upper Indus Basin

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