模拟增温增雨对典型草原土壤酶活性的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2018.05.08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 气候变化对生态系统的影响呈增加趋势。土壤酶作为草地土壤中活跃的组分之一，与草地土壤养分含量关系密切。为探究半干旱地区酶活性及土壤养分对气候变化的响应，利用开顶式生长室于2011—2016年在典型草原进行模拟增温增雨试验。结果表明：（1）增温使土层0～10 cm硝态氮和铵态氮含量分别增加40.2%和129.1%，增雨使硝态氮含量增加63.5%，铵态氮含量降低63.6%。（2）土层的增温使土层0～10 cm过氧化氢酶活性和蔗糖酶活性分别降低4.8%和13.3%。与增温的效果相反，增雨使碱性磷酸酶活性、蔗糖酶活性和脲酶活性分别提高7.1%、35.7%和14.9%，对过氧化氢酶无显著影响(P>0.05)。（3）土层0～10 cm硝态氮和铵态氮含量有增加趋势(P<0.05)，不同种类的土壤酶活性对气候变化的响应存在差异，这可能与气候变化趋势下土壤养分循环的变化有关。

关键词: 气候变化, 典型草原, 土壤养分, 土壤酶活性, 增温增雨, 内蒙古

Abstract: The impacts of climate change on ecosystems will be expanded in the future. Soil enzyme is one of the active components in grassland soil, and it is closely related to soil nutrient content. In this study, the top-opened growth chambers were used to simulate the temperature increase and rainfall increase in a typical steppe in 2011 so as to explore the response of soil nutrient content and enzyme activity to climate change in semiarid area. The experiment was carried out under four treatments, i.e. the w CK (controlled), T (temperature controlled), P (rainfall increased) and TP(both temperature and rainfall increased) respectively. The values of soil nutrient availability and of activity of four enzymes were measured. It was found that the contents of soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were increased by 40.2% and 129.1% respectively by increasing temperature. The nitrate nitrogen content was increased by 63.5% by increasing rainfall, but the ammonium nitrogen content was decreased by 63.6%. The activities of catalase and sucrose enzyme were decreased by 4.8% and 13.3% respectively by increasing temperature. Contrarily, the activities of alkaline phosphatase, sucrose enzyme and urease were increased by 7.1%, 35.7% and 14.9% respectively by increasing rainfall, but there was no significant effect of rainfall increase on catalase (P>0.05). The contents of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were in an increase trend under the interaction of both temperature increase and rainfall increase (P<0.05). The responses of four soil enzyme activities to climate change were different, which may be related to the change of nutrient cycling with climate change.

Key words: climate change, typical steppe, soil nutrient, soil enzyme activity

钞然，张东，陈雅丽，万志强，高清竹2*，包铁军1，杨劼1. 模拟增温增雨对典型草原土壤酶活性的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2018, 35(5): 1068-1074.

CHAO Ran1,2, ZHANG Dong1,2, CHEN Ya-li1,2, WAN Zhi-qiang1,2, GAO Qing-zhu2, BAO Tie-jun1, YANG Jie1. Effects of Simulated Temperature and Precipitation Increase on Soil Enzyme Activity in Typical Steppe[J]. , 2018, 35(5): 1068-1074.

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