天山中部白杨沟天然林区森林小气候观测与分析

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 251-254.

天山中部白杨沟天然林区森林小气候观测与分析

马鸿儒^1,2, 吉春容², 李新建², 邹陈², 袁玉江²

1. 新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830054;
2. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点开放实验室, 新疆维吾尔自治区树木年轮生态重点实验室, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2010-03-22 修回日期:2010-05-21 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
作者简介:马鸿儒(1983- ), 男, 甘肃庆阳人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事绿洲环境演变和农业气象方面的研究.E-mail:mahongru1983@sina.com
基金资助:
科技部基础性工作专项(2007FY220200);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项 (IDM200703, IDM200805);中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATG2008Z13);科技部公益性行业科研专项(GYHY200806011); 新疆维吾尔自治区气象局气象科技研究课题(C2009005,C201009)共同资助

Observation and Analysis on Microclimate in the Natural Forest Zone in the Central Tianshan Mountains

MA Hong-ru^1,2, JI Chun-rong², LI Xin-jian², ZOU Chen², YUAN Yu-jiang²

1. College of Geographical Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China;
2. Institute of Desert Meteorology & Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Physical and Chemical Research, China Meteorological Administration; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Tree-ring Ecology, Urumqi 830002, China

Received:2010-03-22 Revised:2010-05-21 Published:2011-04-25 Online:2011-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 运用自动气象站对天山中部白杨沟天然林区森林内外气象因子进行同步观测,分析晴-多云、阴雨天森林的气温、相对湿度、土壤温度日变化和季节变化特征。结果表明:各季节林冠层平均最高温度和平均最低温度林内均低于林外,平均最高温度林内比林外低2.04℃,平均最低温度林外比林内高1.95℃。冠层相对湿度的平均值较林外高出3.63％,4月相对湿度最大。天山中部白杨沟天然林区森林的防风效果在不同季节均十分显著,各季节平均风速降幅在0.94m/s以上,冬季的防风效果最好。在春、夏季,林内外土壤温度差值明显增大,且自上而下逐步降低,在秋、冬季节差值较小。

关键词: 森林, 小气候, 气温, 湿度, 土壤温度, 天然林区, 白杨沟, 新疆

Abstract: In this paper, the microclimate characteristics in and out of the Picea schrenkiana forests in the Tianshan Mountains, China are analyzed and compared based on observed meteorological data, and the seasonal and daily change characteristics of air temperature, relative humidity and soil temperature in and out of the forests under different weather are discussed. The results show that the seasonal average canopy maximum and minimum temperatures out of the forests were higher than those in the forests, the average maximum and minimum temperatures in the forests were 2.04 ℃ and 1.95 ℃ lower than those out of the forests respectively. The average canopy relative humidity in the forests was 3.63% higher than that out of the forests, and the relative humidity in April was the highest. The windproof effect of the natural forests in the central Tianshan Mountains was significant in every season, the average wind speed was reduced by 0.94 m/s, and the windproof effect was the best in winter. In spring and summer, the difference of soil temperature in and out of the forests was increased significantly, it was reduced gradually from topsoil to deep soil, but it was low in autumn and winter.

Key words: forest, microclimate, air temperature, humidity, soil temperature, natural forest zone, Baiyanggou, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

P463.22

马鸿儒, 吉春容, 李新建, 邹陈, 袁玉江. 天山中部白杨沟天然林区森林小气候观测与分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(2): 251-254.

MA Hong-ru, JI Chun-rong, LI Xin-jian, ZOU Chen, YUAN Yu-jiang. Observation and Analysis on Microclimate in the Natural Forest Zone in the Central Tianshan Mountains[J]. , 2011, 28(2): 251-254.

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