1960-2009年巴丹吉林沙漠南北缘气候变化分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用巴丹吉林沙漠北缘的额济纳旗、拐子湖和南缘的阿拉善右旗、雅布赖4个气象站,1960-2009年逐月平均气温、降水量和相对湿度资料,运用一元线性回归、趋势系数分析和5年滑动平均方法,分析近50年来沙漠南北缘气候变化趋势。结果发现:近50年来,巴丹吉林沙漠南北缘年平均气温显著升高,升温速率为0.27~0.48℃/10a,高于同期全国和西北地区东部平均升温速率。北缘的年平均气温升温速率和升温趋势均大于南缘。南北缘各季节年均气温显著升高,各站均表现为冬季升温速率最大,但各季节平均气温的升温趋势有差异。巴丹吉林沙漠南北缘各站年降水量波动很大。近50年来,北缘年降水量略有减少,南缘略有增加。各站点季节降水量变化趋势亦不明显,且不同站点变化特征不同。沙漠南北缘湿润度很低,属极干旱等级。近50年来,北缘年平均湿润度略有下降,南缘则略有上升,但湿润度的变化趋势不明显。

关键词: 气候变化, 气温, 降水, 湿润度, 变化趋势, 巴丹吉林沙漠

Abstract: In this paper, the basic characteristics of climate change in the northern and southern marginal zones of the Badain Juran Desert are analyzed using the linear regression, trend factor analysis and 5-year moving average based on the observed data of monthly mean air temperature, precipitation and relative humidity, recorded by 4 meteorological stations including Erjina Banner and Guaizihu in the northern marginal zone of the desert and Alxa Right Banner and Yabra in the southern marginal zone during the period 1960-2009. The results show that there was a significant temperature increase in the southern and northern marginal zones of Badain Juran Desert in recent 50 years. The increase rate of mean annual temperature varied in a range of 0.28-0.48 ℃/10 a, and it was higher than the national average and the average in the eastern part of northwest China, in which it was higher in the northern marginal zone than in the southern marginal zone. The mean seasonal temperature increase was also significantly, especially in winter. Annual precipitation fluctuated significantly, and it was reduced to some extent in the northern marginal zone but increased slightly in the southern marginal zone. The change of seasonal precipitation at all the stations was not so remarkable. The humidity in the northern and southern marginal zones was very low, and it was extremely arid. The annual humidity in the northern marginal zone was decreased slightly but increased slightly in the southern marginal zone. However, the change trend of humidity was not so significant.

Key words: climate change, temperature, precipitation, humidity, change trend, Badain Juran Desert

中图分类号:

P467

马宁, 王乃昂, 李卓仑, 陈秀莲, 朱金峰, 董春雨. 1960-2009年巴丹吉林沙漠南北缘气候变化分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(2): 242-250.

MA Ning, WANG Nai-ang, LI Zhuo-lun, CHEN Xiu-lian, ZHU Jin-feng, DONG Chun-yu. Analysis on Climate Change in the Northern and Southern Marginal Zones of the Badain Juran Desert during the Period 1960-2009[J]. , 2011, 28(2): 242-250.

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