近20 a河西地区绿洲效应时空变化特征及归因分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.15

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 2031-2042.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.15

近20 a河西地区绿洲效应时空变化特征及归因分析

侯文兵^1,^2,³(),李开明^1,^2,^3,⁴(),黄卓^1,^2,³

1.兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院，甘肃兰州 730070
2.地理国情监测技术应用国家地方联合工程研究中心，甘肃兰州 730070
3.甘肃省地理国情监测工程实验室，甘肃兰州 730070
4.兰州城市学院城市环境学院，甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2023-05-27 修回日期:2023-08-29 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-12-18
通讯作者: 李开明. E-mail: lkm_wd@126.com
作者简介:侯文兵（1998-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事绿洲遥感监测及可持续发展研究. E-mail: lanzhou_gishwb@126.com
基金资助:
甘肃省科技计划项目(18JR3RA221);兰州市科技计划项目资助(2023-3-121)

Characterization of spatial and temporal changes in the oasis effect and attribution analysis of the Hexi region in the last 20 years

HOU Wenbing^1,^2,³(),LI Kaiming^1,^2,^3,⁴(),HUANG Zhuo^1,^2,³

1. Faculty of Geomatics, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
2. National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
3. Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
4. College of Urban Environment, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China

Received:2023-05-27 Revised:2023-08-29 Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

绿洲效应在改善干旱区气候，支持绿洲系统自我维持和发展等方面发挥着极为重要的作用。本文以甘肃省河西地区为研究区，利用气象和遥感数据，选取绿洲效应强度指标，采用地理探测器模型，揭示近20 a绿洲效应时空变化特征，分析了绿洲效应强度影响因素。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年期间，研究区绿洲效应强度在春夏冬季均呈增大趋势，秋季呈减小趋势，白天与相应季节变化相似，但强度更大，最强为夏季，增加1.43 ℃；夜间春夏秋季变化与相应季节相似，但强度较低，2000年秋季和2010年冬季夜间出现微弱的绿洲暖岛效应；（2）强绿洲效应（“冷岛”）面积占比在夏季最大且变化较小，而绿洲“暖岛”效应面积占比冬季最大，呈逐年减小趋势；（3）夏季绿洲效应强度与绿洲的植被覆盖变化具有强负相关性，相关系数达-0.917。气候和地表因素是河西地区绿洲效应强度的主控因素，地表反照率的影响最弱，且因子间的交互作用不容忽视。

关键词: 绿洲效应, 时空变化, 归因, 地理探测器, 河西地区

Abstract:

The oasis effect is extremely important for improving the climate of arid areas and supporting the self-sustainability and development of oasis systems. In this study, taking the Hexi region of Gansu Province as the study area, the indicators of oasis effect intensity were selected using meteorological and remote sensing data. The geodetector model was adopted to reveal the spatial and temporal characteristics of the oasis effect over the past 20 years, and the influencing factors of the oasis effect intensity were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results show that (1) from 2000 to 2020, the oasis effect intensity in the study area had an increasing trend in springs, summers, and winters and a decreasing trend in autumns, and the changes in the daytime are similar to those of the corresponding seasons, but with greater intensity. The strongest was in the summer, with an increase of 1.43 ℃; at night. The changes in springs, summers, and autumns were similar to those of the corresponding seasons, but with a lower intensity, and the weak oasis warming island effect appeared in the nighttime of the autumn of 2000 and the winter of 2010; (2) the area share of strong oasis effect “cold island” is the largest in summers, and the change is small, whereas the area share of oasis “warm island” effect is the largest in winter, with a decreasing trend yearly; (3) the intensity of oasis effect in summer had a strong negative correlation with the change in vegetation cover of oasis, with a correlation coefficient of -0.917. Climate and surface factors are the major controlling factors for the intensity of the oasis effect in the Hexi region. The effect of surface albedo is the weakest, and the interaction between factors should not be neglected.

Key words: oasis effect, spatial and temporal variation, attribution, geographic probe, Hexi region

侯文兵, 李开明, 黄卓. 近20 a河西地区绿洲效应时空变化特征及归因分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(12): 2031-2042.

HOU Wenbing, LI Kaiming, HUANG Zhuo. Characterization of spatial and temporal changes in the oasis effect and attribution analysis of the Hexi region in the last 20 years[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(12): 2031-2042.

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影响因素类别	影响因素	分辨率/m	数据时间	获取途径
地表因素	NDVI	1000	2020年	GEE
	ALB（反照率）	500	2020年	GEE
	GlobeLand 30	30	2000年、2010年、2020年	http://GlobeLand30
	土壤湿度	1000	2020年	http:// data.tpdc.ac.cn
空气质量因素	气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）	1000	2020年	GEE
	臭氧（O₃）	1000	2020年	GEE
气候因素	气温	1000	2020年	http:// data.tpdc.ac.cn
	降水	1000	2020年	http:// data.tpdc.ac.cn
社会经济因素	夜间灯光	1000	2020年	http:// data.tpdc.ac.cn
	人口密度	1000	2020年	https://www.worldpop.org/

绿洲效应类型	绿洲效应强度分级	分级标准
绿洲“冷岛”效应	强绿洲效应	LST_绿洲 < LST_裸地 - 8 ℃
	中强度绿洲效应	LST_裸地 - 8 ℃ ≤ LST_绿洲 < LST_裸地 - 4 ℃
	弱绿洲效应	LST_裸地 - 4 ℃ ≤ LST_绿洲 < LST_裸地
绿洲“暖岛”效应	绿洲暖岛效应	LST_绿洲 ≥ LST_裸地

季节	年份	强绿洲效应/%	中强度绿洲效应/%	弱绿洲效应/%	绿洲暖岛效应/%
春季	2000年	7.9	42.9	39.7	9.3
	2010年	10.1	25.4	51.4	12.9
	2020年	7.6	24	54.9	13.4
夏季	2000年	41.8	29.4	17	11.6
	2010年	42.4	29.4	18.1	9.9
	2020年	41.2	26.5	15.7	16.4
秋季	2000年	3.4	21.8	60	14.6
	2010年	5.3	26.5	59.9	8.2
	2020年	1.7	20.5	59.2	18.4
冬季	2000年	0.18	3.3	49.8	46.6
	2010年	0.33	4.5	50.2	44.8
	2020年	0.03	7.2	54.1	38.5

年份	土地覆盖类型面积/ km²
年份	耕地	草地	灌木地	水体	人造地表	荒漠
2000年	15170	20042	658	1151	777	358692
2010年	15670	19180	748	1121	783	359013
2020年	15835	22192	842	1270	2395	353871

近20 a河西地区绿洲效应时空变化特征及归因分析

Characterization of spatial and temporal changes in the oasis effect and attribution analysis of the Hexi region in the last 20 years

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