黄土高原不同土地利用方式对土壤N2O通量的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.06.08

Abstract

Abstract:

Nitrous oxide (N₂O) a remarkable greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, exerts a pronounced effect on global climate warming. Changes in land use types critically affects N₂O emissions, particularly in ecologically fragile semiarid regions with more complex underlying mechanisms. However, there is still a lack of systematic research on how complex and diverse land use types affect soil N₂O emissions in semiarid regions of China and the key driving factors involved. To address this, this study focused on four typical land use types in the semiarid Loess Plateau of central Gansu Province: Picea asperata forest, Medicago sativa grassland, abandoned land, and wheat field. Soil N₂O fluxes were monitored using the static chamber-gas chromatography method, combined with soil physicochemical property data, to elucidate the key drivers regulating soil N₂O emissions under different land use types. Compared to the abandoned land, the Picea asperata forest and Medicago sativa grassland had significantly increased soil water content, while wheat fields exhibited elevated ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃^--N) concentrations. Compared to the abandoned land, the Medicago sativa grassland and wheat fields exhibited markedly enhanced nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activities, which decreased with an increase in soil depth across all treatments. Soil N₂O fluxes under different land use types exhibited an initial increase followed by a decline during the vegetation growth stages. The total soil N₂O emissions decreased by 34.2% and 23.3% in the Picea asperata forest and Medicago sativa grassland, respectively, and increased by 32.47% in the wheat fields, compared to the abandoned land. Random forest analysis identified soil temperature as the most influential factor affecting the soil N₂O flux. Overall, compared to the abandoned land and wheat fields, the artificial forest and grassland systems in the study area demonstrated superior emission reduction effects. Therefore, future vegetation restoration and ecological rehabilitation efforts should prioritize optimizing the proportional allocation of “forest-grass-cropland” land use types and appropriately increasing the coverage of artificial forests and grasslands to achieve the dual objectives of ecological benefits and emission mitigation.

Key words: Loess Plateau, global climate warming, land use types, N₂O emission fluxes, soil temperature

DU Jun, LI Guang, DU Mengyin, YAO Yao, MA Weiwei, YUAN Jianyu. Effects of different land use types on soil N₂O fluxes on the Loess Plateau[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(6): 1043-1054.

Figures/Tables 11

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处理	纬度	经度	优势植物	扰动历史
云杉林地（PA）	35°35′10″N	104°37′7″E	粗枝云杉（Picea asperata）、北柴胡（Bupleurum chinense）、秦艽（Gentiana macrophylla）、火绒草（Leontopodium leontopodioides）	2002年通过实施“退耕还林还草工程”恢复为云杉林地，没有采取任何进一步管理措施
苜蓿草地（MS）	35°34′48″N	104°39′2″E	紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）、赖草（Leymus secalinus）、野艾蒿（Artemisia lavandulaefolia）	2015年在耕地的基础上弃耕，种植苜蓿并围封，成活后未采取进一步管理措施
撂荒地（AL）	35°34′54″N	104°37′57″E	长芒草（Stipa bungeana）、车前（Plantago asiatica）、狗尾草（Setaria viridis）	1999年被弃耕，自然恢复为撂荒地，有少量杂草分布，没有采取任何进一步的管理措施
小麦地（WF）	35°34′45″N	104°39′1″E	春小麦（spring wheat）	2015年在荒地的基础上开垦为农田，种植了春小麦，直到现在

Effects of different land use types on soil N₂O fluxes on the Loess Plateau

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Effects of different land use types on soil N2O fluxes on the Loess Plateau

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Effects of different land use types on soil N₂O fluxes on the Loess Plateau