干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2013, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 5-9.

• 水土资源 • 上一篇    下一篇

新疆阿尔泰山区白湖水质水量基本特征

吴敬禄1, 曾海鳌1, 马龙2, 康剑3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所，湖泊与环境国家重点实验室，江苏 南京 210008； 2. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理
    研究所，荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011;  3. 喀纳斯景区管理委员会，新疆 布尔津 836600
  • 收稿日期:2012-03-26 修回日期:2012-04-07 出版日期:2013-01-15 发布日期:2013-01-16
  • 作者简介:吴敬禄（1965-），男，研究员，湖泊记录与资源环境专业.E-mail: w.jinglu@niglas.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家国际科技合作计划(2010DFA92720)和国家自然科学基金（U1138301；40971117）共同资助

Analysis on Water Quality and Volume of the Baihu Lake in the Altay Mountains， Xinjiang

 WU  Jing-Lu1, ZENG  Hai-Ao1, MA  Long2, KANG  Jian3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Limnology and Environmental Science, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, 
    Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, 
    Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    3. Kanas Landscape Management Committee, Burqin 836600, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2012-03-26 Revised:2012-04-07 Published:2013-01-15 Online:2013-01-16

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摘要： 白湖位于喀纳斯国家级自然保护区的核心区域，人迹罕至，湖泊及其流域环境保持自然状态。湖水直接接受喀纳斯雪冰融水补给，湖泊基本特征的变化敏感地反映了流域的气候变化。开展核心区湖泊流域水文、水质以及生物等基本特征的调查，为了解不同气候变化背景下自然环境的变化特征与规律，为科学保护和管理环境、适应未来气候变化提供依据。据调查，目前白湖最大水深为137 m，湖泊面积约9 km2，蓄水量4.1×108 m3，湖水矿化度为32.9 mg•L-1，硬度和碱度分别为17.1 mg•L-1和18.2 mg•L-1，pH为8.3，水体呈弱碱性。水化学特征与喀纳斯湖接近，但水体颜色差别大。采用LEO1530VP扫描电子显微镜、INA C300 X射线能谱仪分析表明，水体中白色悬浮颗粒主要为石英矿物，并从河源区物质、河水动力以及湖水介质3个方面分析了白湖颜色形成的原因。

关键词: 白湖, 水色, 水质, 水量, 喀纳斯国家级自然保护区, 阿尔泰山, 新疆

Abstract: The Baihu Lake is located in the core area of the Kanas National Nature Reserve, where it is an untraversed region, so the natural ecological environment in its watershed is remained. Because the lake is recharged directly by glacier melt water, the environment there can sensitively reflect the actuality of regional climate change. A survey on the basic hydrologic features, water quality and biology in the core area of the nature reserve was carried out in August 2010. The results could help us to know the characteristics of natural ecological evolution under different climate background, and provide a scientific basis for conserving and managing the ecological environment and adapting climate change in the future. The surveyed results revealed that the maximum water depth of the lake was 137 m, the water area was 9 km2, and the storage volume of the lake was 4.1×108 m3. The water salinity, hardness and alkalinity were 32.9 mg•L-1, 17.1 mg•L-1 and 18.2 mg•L-1 respectively. Lake water was slightly alkaline with a pH value of 8.3. The water chemistry of the Baihu Lake was similar to that of the Kanas Lake, but the water color of these two lakes was considerably different. The LEO1530VP scanning electron microscopy and INA C300 Xray spectrometer analysis were used in the study, and the results showed that the white suspended particles in water were mainly composed of quartz minerals. In conclusion, the formation of white water color of the Baihu Lake was from three aspects: the materials from the headstream, river hydrodynamic power and lake water media.

Key words: Baihu Lake, water color, water quality, water volume, kanas national nature reserve zones, Altay Mountains, Xinjiang