基于生态服务价值机会成本的沙漠电灌工程生态补偿研究——以景电高扬程电力提灌工程为例

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2019.03.26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以景电高扬程提灌工程为例,以因子当量计算了灌区对祁连山生态移民的生态服务价值,用余弦距离公式计算了灌区对消减下风向地区沙尘暴的生态服务价值,并计算了其机会成本,进而探讨了沙漠电力提灌工程的生态补偿问题。结果表明:① 景电灌区生态移民对祁连山植被恢复的生态服务价值为4.01×10⁹元,灌区绿洲对消减灌区下风向沙尘暴的生态服务价值为7.09×10⁷元。祁连山生态移民的机会成本和灌区下风向防风固沙的机会成本分别为2.05×10⁸元和3.63×10⁶元。② 景电灌区生态移民对祁连山植被恢复的受益主体是石羊河流域各县市和祁连山东端黄河流域的景泰县,国家也是受益主体之一;受偿主体是甘肃省和甘肃省景泰川电力提灌管理局。③ 防治沙漠化及沙尘暴和保护国家生态公益林是我国生态环境建设的重点,生态补偿有利于带动和促进相同或类似的生态公益事业发展,有力推进国家生态环境建设。

关键词: 沙漠电力提灌工程, 生态服务价值, 生态移民, 防风固沙, 生态补偿, 景泰县, 甘肃

Abstract: In this paper,the ecological compensation of a desert water-lifting irrigation project was discussed,the ecological service values of vegetation increased by emigration from the Qilian Mountains to the Jingdian Irrigated Area were calculated by factor equivalence,the ecological service values by reducing sandstorm in the leeward area were estimated using cosine distance formula,and the opportunity cost was also calculated.The results showed that: ① Ecological compensation should be based on the opportunity cost of the external ecosystem service value.The ecological service value of the Jingdian Irrigated Area from the Qilian Mountains ecological migration to vegetation regeneration of the Qilian Mountains is 4.01×10⁹ yuan RMB,and the ecosystem service value by reducing sandstorm in the leeward area is 7.09×10⁷ yuan.Opportunity cost of the ecological migration is 2.05×10⁸ yuan,and the opportunity cost of controlling sandstorm in the leeward area is 3.63×10⁶ yuan; ② The main beneficiaries of vegetation regeneration by ecological migration from the Qilian Mountains to the irrigated areas are the counties in the Shiyang River Basin and Jingtai County in the eastern Qilian Mountains in the Yellow River Basin.The state is also one of the beneficiaries.Subjects of the compensation are Gansu Province and Administration of Jingtaichuan Water-lifting Irrigation Project; ③ The prevention and control of desertification and sandstorm and the protection of national ecological forest are the emphases of ecological environment construction in China.Ecological compensation is conducive to driving and promoting the development of similar public welfare undertakings,and vigorously promoting the national ecological environment construction.

Key words: desert water-lifting irrigation project, ecosystem service value, ecological migration, windbreak, sand fixation, ecological compensation, Jingtai County, Gansu

赵建林, 董志洋, 常兆丰. 基于生态服务价值机会成本的沙漠电灌工程生态补偿研究——以景电高扬程电力提灌工程为例[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(3): 743-751.

ZHAO Jian-lin, DONG Zhi-yang, CHANG Zhao-feng. Ecological Compensation of A Desert Water-Lifting Irrigation Project Based on Opportunity Cost of Ecosystem Service Value:A Case Study on Jingtaichuan Water-Lifting Irrigation Project[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(3): 743-751.

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