基于SA-RSEI模型的盐池县生态质量演变研究

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.06.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究盐池县生态环境时空动态变化特征和驱动因素，基于2000—2020年5期Landsat遥感数据，利用改进遥感指数（SA-RSEI），结合Sen+Mann-Kendall、Hurst指数分析盐池县生态环境质量时空变化格局及变化趋势，并利用地理探测器探究盐池县生态环境质量的驱动因子。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年盐池县SA-RSEI呈先下降后上升的趋势；（2）盐池县生态环境质量在21 a间呈先退化、后恢复的演变过程，空间分布格局由南部较差，北部良好逐渐转变为东南部良好，西北部较差；（3） 21 a间盐池县生态环境质量总体呈缓慢退化趋势，但退化程度逐渐降低，生态环境改善程度在2020年后会逐渐增大。（4）沙度指数、降水、高程，以及GDP是区域生态环境质量空间分异的主要影响因子。（5）所有因子间的交互作用均为增强效应，沙度指数、气温、降水以及高程与其他探测因子的交互作用起主导作用，且经济因素对SA-RSEI的影响力逐渐增大。

关键词: 生态质量评价, 改进生态指数, 地理探测器, Hurst指数, 盐池县

Abstract:

This study explored the characteristics and driving factors of the dynamic spatio-temporal changes in the ecology and environment in Yanchi County by using remote sensing images from 1990 to 2020 as the data source and the SA-RSEI as a basis. By combining the Theil-Sen Median analysis, Mann-Kendall significance test, and Hurst index, the pattern of spatiotemporal variations in the ecological and environmental quality of Yanchi County was analyzed. The driving factors of this quality were explored by employing the Geography Detector. The results showed that (1) SA-RSEI initially reduced and then enhanced from 2000 to 2020. (2) The ecological and environmental quality showed an evolutionary process of “initial degradation and then recovery” during these 21 years. The spatial distribution pattern gradually changed from “poor in the south and good in the north” to “good in the southeast and poor in the northwest.” (3) During the 21 years, the ecological and environmental quality of Yanchi County generally degraded, but the degree of degradation gradually reduced, and the degree of ecological and environmental improvement gradually increased after 2020. (4) DI, precipitation, elevation, and GDP are the main factors influencing the spatial variation in regional ecological quality. (5) The interaction between DI, temperature, precipitation, elevation, and other detection factors plays a leading role; the influence of economic factors on SA-RSEI gradually enhances.

Key words: ecological quality, improve the ecological index, geographical detector, Hurst index, Yanchi County

侯嘉烨, 李建华, 王佳蓉, 马海涛, 强泽楷, 樊新刚. 基于SA-RSEI模型的盐池县生态质量演变研究[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(6): 1045-1058.

HOU Jiaye, LI Jianhua, WANG Jiarong, MA Haitao, QIANG Zekai, FAN Xingang. The evolution of ecological quality in Yanchi County based on the SA-RSEI model[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(6): 1045-1058.

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交互作用	判断关系式
非线性减弱	q(X₁∩X₂)<Min[q(X₁), q(X₂)]
单因子非线性减弱	Min[q(X₁), q(X₂)]<q(X₁∩X₂)<Max[q(X₁), q(X₂)]
双因子增强	q(X₁∩X₂)>Max[q(X₁), q(X₂)]
独立	q(X₁∩X₂)=Max[q(X₁), q(X₂)]
非线性增强	q(X₁∩X₂)>q(X₁)+q(X₂)

年份	GDVI	WET	DI	SI	特征值	贡献率/%
2000年	0.1864	0.5619	-0.515	-0.6199	0.0104	72.14
2005年	0.0659	0.3856	-0.6614	-0.6399	0.0047	72.56
2010年	0.3834	0.3015	-0.7079	-0.2616	0.0069	73.8
2015年	0.1734	0.3188	-0.6137	-0.7012	0.0077	69.03
2020年	0.3009	0.4758	-0.6397	-0.5233	0.0092	68.79

SA-RSEI变化趋势			未来变化趋势
等级划分	面积/km²	占比/%	等级划分	面积/km²	占比/%
明显退化	801.33	9.40	持续退化	582.44	6.83
轻微退化	481.17	5.65	未来退化	472.50	5.54
稳定区	6279.82	73.69	稳定区	5633.40	66.10
轻微改善	255.72	3.00	未来改善	1381.94	16.22
明显改善	704.17	8.26	持续改善	451.94	5.30

因子	2000年		2005年		2010年		2015年		2020年
因子	q值	排名	q值	排名	q值	排名	q值	排名	q值	排名
GDVI（绿度）	0.4756	4	0.3121	4	0.6065	2	0.4526	4	0.4149	4
DI（沙度）	0.8402	2	0.8370	1	0.9438	1	0.9246	1	0.8480	1
WET（湿度）	0.7391	3	0.6556	3	0.5468	4	0.6465	3	0.5606	2
SI（盐渍化）	0.8768	1	0.8356	2	0.5800	3	0.8645	2	0.5017	3

因子		2000年		2005年		2010年		2015年		2020年
因子		q值	排名	q值	排名	q值	排名	q值	排名	q值	排名
自然因子	X1（气温）	0.1770	4	0.1845	4	0.3628	2	0.4488	1	0.2369	5
	X2（降水）	0.3396	2	0.1630	5	0.4289	1	0.1401	4	0.7383	1
	X3（高程）	0.3932	1	0.2391	1	0.3262	3	0.4172	2	0.2718	4
	X4（坡度）	0.1141	5	0.0481	6	0.0140	7	0.0745	5	0.0643	7
社会因子	X5（GDP）	0.3084	3	0.2023	3	0.1067	4	0.0250	7	0.2913	2
	X6（聚落聚集度）	0.0800	6	0.2289	2	0.0197	5	0.1657	3	0.2725	3
	X7（夜间灯光）	0.0745	7	0.0222	7	0.0162	6	0.0355	6	0.0766	6