西北干旱区藓类结皮覆盖下土壤多功能性特征及影响因子

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.05.09

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 812-820.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.05.09 cstr: 32277.14.j.azr.2024.05.09

西北干旱区藓类结皮覆盖下土壤多功能性特征及影响因子

雷菲亚¹^,²(), 李小双¹, 陶冶³, 尹本丰³, 荣晓莹³, 张静³, 陆永兴³, 郭星³, 周晓兵³(), 张元明³

1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆抗逆植物基因资源保育与利用重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
3.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2024-02-06 修回日期:2024-03-17 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-29
通讯作者: 周晓兵. E-mail: zhouxb@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:雷菲亚（1997-），女，硕士研究生，主要从事干旱区极端环境对藓类结皮的影响. E-mail: 2683138732@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆天山英才项目(2022TSYCCX0001);新疆天山英才项目(2022TSYCLJ0058);国家自然科学基金(U2003214);国家自然科学基金(42377358)

Characterization of soil multifunctionality and its determining factors under moss crust cover in the arid regions of Northwest China

LEI Feiya¹^,²(), LI Xiaoshuang¹, TAO Ye³, YIN Benfeng³, RONG Xiaoying³, ZHANG Jing³, LU Yongxing³, GUO Xing³, ZHOU Xiaobing³(), ZHANG Yuanming³

1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Stress Tolerance Plant Resources Conservation and Resistance Giene Utilization, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China

Received:2024-02-06 Revised:2024-03-17 Published:2024-05-15 Online:2024-05-29

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生物土壤结皮是由干旱区重要的活性地被物组成，可显著影响地表土壤的物质循环与能量交换，改善表层土壤的物理、化学和生物学性质，从而影响土壤多功能性（Soil Multifunctionality，SMF）。藓类结皮是生物土壤结皮的重要类型之一，本研究旨在探究西北干旱区荒漠藓类结皮覆盖下土壤与裸沙的SMF差异性，探究两者SMF变化的主要驱动因素。通过分析土壤的8个干旱区关键生态系统功能指标，运用平均值法和因子分析法计算SMF，运用最小二乘回归分析和结构方程模型（SEM）等探究SMF变化的主要驱动因素。研究发现：（1）藓类结皮覆盖下土壤的单一和多功能性显著高于裸沙。（2）裸沙和藓类结皮覆盖下SMF变化的驱动要素具有差异性，裸沙SMF的主要驱动因素为干旱（Aridity）和土壤含水量（SWC），而藓类结皮覆盖下SMF驱动要素为土壤砂粒含量。（3）年均温（MAT）对裸沙和藓结皮覆盖土壤SMF的变化均呈现最大的间接效应。因此，藓类结皮发育显著增加了荒漠土壤SMF，同时也调节SMF的相关驱动因素。以上研究结果对深入理解荒漠裸沙和结皮覆盖下SMF的差异性及驱动因素具有重要意义。

关键词: 土壤多功能性, 西北干旱区, 藓类结皮, 驱动因素, 结构方程模型

Abstract:

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are the main active groundcover community in arid regions. BSCs can significantly affect the material cycle and energy exchange, improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of surface soil, and influence the soil multifunctionality (SMF). Moss crust is an important type of BSCs. This study investigates the SMF variability of moss crust-covered and bare sand in the deserts of northwestern arid regions, and explored the main drivers of the variability. We analyzed eight crucial ecosystem function indicators. SMF was calculated by applying the mean method and factor analysis approach. We used the ordinary least square and structural equation modeling to explore the drivers of SMF changes. The results show that: (1) soil monofunctionality and SMF under moss crust cover were higher than those in bare sand (P<0.05). (2) The drivers of the SMF change in bare sand and under moss crust cover were very different. The main drivers of SMF in bare sand were aridity and soil water content, whereas the driver of SMF under moss crust cover was soil sand content (Sand). (3) The mean annual temperature had the largest indirect effect on changes in SMF for both soil in bare sand and under moss crust cover. Therefore, the development of moss crust significantly increased SMF and, in addition, modulated the relevant drivers of SMF. Our results are important for a deep understanding of the differences and drivers of SMF in desert soil with bare sand and under moss crust cover.

Key words: soil multifunctionality, northwest arid regions, moss crust, driving factor, structural equation modeling

雷菲亚, 李小双, 陶冶, 尹本丰, 荣晓莹, 张静, 陆永兴, 郭星, 周晓兵, 张元明. 西北干旱区藓类结皮覆盖下土壤多功能性特征及影响因子[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(5): 812-820.

LEI Feiya, LI Xiaoshuang, TAO Ye, YIN Benfeng, RONG Xiaoying, ZHANG Jing, LU Yongxing, GUO Xing, ZHOU Xiaobing, ZHANG Yuanming. Characterization of soil multifunctionality and its determining factors under moss crust cover in the arid regions of Northwest China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(5): 812-820.

图/表 7

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样点	经度/（°）	纬度/（°）	海拔/m	植被盖度	土壤类型	结皮盖度	结皮类型	土壤粒级分布/%			年均降水/mm	年均气温/℃
样点	经度/（°）	纬度/（°）	海拔/m	植被盖度	土壤类型	结皮盖度	结皮类型	粉粒	砂粒	石砾	年均降水/mm	年均气温/℃
S1	87.15417	45.3023	461.79	0.05	简育砂性土	0.74	藻-地-藓	4.94	67.09	27.98	91.50	8.82
S2	87.67692	45.2478	575.22	0.01	简育砂性土	0.84	藻-地-藓	4.61	83.08	12.31	101.03	8.48
S3	88.30511	45.2636	729.83	0.04	简育砂性土	0.85	藻-地-藓	1.94	95.25	2.81	125.50	7.65
S4	108.5659	38.8198	1391.35	0.18	钙积潜育土	0.43	藻-地-藓	2.03	91.14	6.83	209.00	8.67
S5	110.2118	39.0136	1250.04	0.01	简育砂性土	0.45	藻-地-藓	0.93	81.03	18.04	255.00	9.18
S6	103.8205	40.8864	1332.37	0.02	简育石膏土	<0.10	藻-地-藓	1.78	82.66	15.56	64.50	8.77
S7	108.9267	37.9791	1158.39	0.01	过渡性红砂土	<0.10	藻-地-藓	3.42	75.13	21.45	257.00	10.07
S8	104.8801	37.5025	1508.13	0.04	简育砂性土	0.23	藻-地-藓	0.97	88.95	10.07	146.15	9.50

	SOC	TN	TP	C:N	C:P	N:P	AN	AP	SMF1	SMF2
SMF1	0.832^**	0.701^**	0.614^**	0.240^*	0.293^**	0.218^*	0.784^**	0.752^**	1	0.994^**
SMF2	0.860^**	0.688^**	0.660^**	0.262^**	0.256^*	-0.254^*	0.796^**	0.762^**	0.994^**	1

西北干旱区藓类结皮覆盖下土壤多功能性特征及影响因子

Characterization of soil multifunctionality and its determining factors under moss crust cover in the arid regions of Northwest China

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