浑善达克沙地长梗扁桃群丛特征及其驱动因素分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.05.10

干旱区研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 777-784.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2023.05.10

浑善达克沙地长梗扁桃群丛特征及其驱动因素分析

陈加伟¹(),褚建民¹(),甘红豪¹,徐磊²,公帅¹,刘浩¹,王迎新³,杨洪晓⁴,徐晓庆¹,齐丹卉⁵

1.中国林业科学研究院林业研究所，国家林草局林木培育重点实验室，北京 100091
2.乌鲁木齐市种苗场，新疆乌鲁木齐 830011
3.中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所，北京 100091
4.青岛农业大学资源与环境学院，山东青岛 266109
5.西南林业大学生态与环境学院，云南昆明 650224

收稿日期:2022-11-30 修回日期:2023-01-13 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-05-30
通讯作者: 褚建民. E-mail: cjmcaf@163.com
作者简介:陈加伟（1995-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事干旱半干旱草原退化恢复技术方面的研究. E-mail: chenjiawei9597@163.com
基金资助:
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2020ZB001);科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY100205);西南林业大学科研专项(112129)

Asociation characteristics of Amygdalus pedunculata and the environmental factors driving them in Otindag Sandy Land

CHEN Jiawei¹(),CHU Jianmin¹(),GAN Honghao¹,XU Lei²,GONG Shuai¹,LIU Hao¹,WANG Yingxin³,YANG Hongxiao⁴,XU Xiaoqing¹,QI Danhui⁵

1. Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2. Seed Field of Urumqi, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China
3. Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
4. College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China
5. College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, Yunnan, China

Received:2022-11-30 Revised:2023-01-13 Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-05-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被群丛的稳定对于群落演替乃至区域生态系统安全发挥着关键作用。受气候变化和人类活动影响，长梗扁桃（Amygdalus pedunculata）自然群丛退化严重，面积不断减少，亟需保护。本研究基于浑善达克沙地长梗扁桃群丛35个样方的数据，通过典范对应分析（Canonical Correspondence Analusis，CCA）揭示了长梗扁桃群丛分布的驱动因子以及不同群丛特征与环境因子之间的关系。研究发现，基于立地条件的差异，长梗扁桃群丛可分为4种类型：群丛Ⅰ，长梗扁桃-蒙古韭（Allium mongolicum）；群丛Ⅱ，长梗扁桃-西北针茅（Stipa sareptana var. krylovii）-冷蒿（Artemisia frigida）；群丛Ⅲ，长梗扁桃-画眉草（Eragrostis pilosa）；群丛Ⅳ，榆树（Ulmus pumila）-长梗扁桃-蒙古虫实（Corispermum mongolicum）。大尺度上，温度和海拔是影响长梗扁桃群丛分布的主要环境因子，贡献率分别为13.2%和11.4%。小尺度上，10~20 cm和20~30 cm土壤有机质和海拔是影响群丛结构特征的关键因素。群从Ⅱ和群从Ⅲ的结构特征对土壤因子响应较为敏感，海拔是群丛Ⅰ和群丛Ⅳ结构特征的主要影响因子。本研究明确了温度、土壤和海拔是浑善达克沙地长梗扁桃群丛的主要环境影响因子，而关于土壤和气候对于群丛的交叉影响还有待进一步研究。

关键词: 长梗扁桃, 荒漠生态系统, 群丛分布, 驱动因素, 土壤有机质

Abstract:

The stability of plant associations plays a vital role in the plant succession and safety of regional ecosystems. The biome of Amygdalus pedunculata is undergoing severe degradation because of climate change and human activities. Investigation of the characteristics of A. pedunculata associations and the factors affecting them can provide a scientific basis for restoring and managing the degradation of its biome. We conducted a study in Otindag Sandy Land to analyze the characteristics of the four typical A. pedunculata associations based on the surveyed data in 35 quadrats. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to detect the driving factors of the association distribution pattern in this region, and the relationship between species characteristics and environmental variables in each A. pedunculata association. Based on the differences in site conditions, the A. pedunculata community can be divided into four associations: Ⅰ, Amygdalus pedunculata-Allium mongolicum; Ⅱ, Amygdalus pedunculata-Stipa sareptana var. krylovii-Artemisia frigida; Ⅲ, Amygdalus pedunculata-Eragrostis pilosa; and Ⅳ, Ulmus pumila-Amygdalus pedunculata-Corispermum mongolicum. In general, temperature and elevation were the main environmental factors regulating the distribution of A. pedunculata associations with contribution rates of 13.2% and 11.4%, respectively. Soil organic matter (10-20 cm and 20-30 cm) was the determinant affecting the structure of the A. pedunculata associations. Associations I and II are influenced by elevation, growing season temperature, and 0-10 cm soil organic matter; association III is more sensitive to climatic and soil factors; and association IV is regulated by elevation.

Key words: Amygdalus pedunculata, desert ecosystems, association distribution, driving factors, soil organic matter

陈加伟, 褚建民, 甘红豪, 徐磊, 公帅, 刘浩, 王迎新, 杨洪晓, 徐晓庆, 齐丹卉. 浑善达克沙地长梗扁桃群丛特征及其驱动因素分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(5): 777-784.

CHEN Jiawei, CHU Jianmin, GAN Honghao, XU Lei, GONG Shuai, LIU Hao, WANG Yingxin, YANG Hongxiao, XU Xiaoqing, QI Danhui. Asociation characteristics of Amygdalus pedunculata and the environmental factors driving them in Otindag Sandy Land[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(5): 777-784.

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地理位置	编号	群丛名称	经纬度	调查样方
苏尼特右旗西部	群丛Ⅰ	长梗扁桃（Amygdalus pedunculata）-蒙古韭（Allium mongolicum）	42°34′8.8″N，112°21′25.36″E	s16~s30
苏尼特左旗北部	群丛Ⅱ	长梗扁桃-西北针茅（Stipa sareptana var. krylovii）-冷蒿（Artemisia frigida）	44°51′42.17″N，112°43′18.78″E	s1~s5
苏尼特左旗南部	群丛Ⅲ	长梗扁桃-画眉草（Eragrostis pilosa）	43°10′58.29″N，115°0′15.26″E； 42°17′57.65″N，114°50′6.73″E	s6~s15
正镶白旗东北部和正蓝旗西北部	群丛Ⅳ	榆树（Ulmus pumila）-长梗扁桃-蒙古虫实（Corispermum mongolicum）	42°55′8.2″N，115°0′46.23″E； 42°2′27.34″N，115°4′11.61″E	s30~s35

群丛	海拔/m	乔木层	灌木层			草本层
群丛	海拔/m	丰富度	丰富度	高度/m	冠幅乘积/m²	丰富度	盖度/%
群丛Ⅰ	1200±8ab	0	3.0±1.0ab	0.34±0.05b	0.40±0.10b	9.4±2.16a	47±13b
群丛Ⅱ	1173±53b	0	1.6±0.9b	0.70±0.12b	0.86±0.34b	7.6±2.19a	34±13b
群丛Ⅲ	1105±8c	0	3.8±0.4a	0.37±0.05b	0.55±0.18b	9.6±2.99a	51±13ab
群丛Ⅳ	1228±1a	1	1.8±0.8b	1.25±0.73a	3.13±2.27a	4.6±1.34b	64±11a

环境因子	第一轴	第二轴	置换检验	解释率/%	贡献率/%	显著性
A	0.4498	0.4301	2.7	7.2	11.4	0.002
Pr_6-8	0.4549	0.4980	0.8	1.9	3.0	0.640
T_6-8	-0.3516	-0.7116	1.0	2.2	3.4	0.504
T_mean	-0.7939	0.0667	3.0	8.3	13.2	0.002
U₂	-0.1495	-0.4010	0.7	1.7	2.7	0.752
Pr_mean	0.5708	0.0350	1.3	2.8	4.5	0.202
Lat	-0.2928	0.6448	1.3	2.9	4.6	0.192
Lon	0.6630	-0.1449	1.4	3.2	5.1	0.074
SOM₁	-0.1327	0.6701	1.5	3.3	5.3	0.086
SOM₂	-0.2002	0.3815	2.8	6.7	10.7	0.002
SOM₃	-0.3123	0.5450	1.0	2.3	3.7	0.438
TN₁	-0.2951	0.7151	0.9	2.1	3.4	0.540
TN₂	-0.3043	0.2483	0.8	1.9	3.0	0.650
TN₃	-0.4550	0.5396	1.1	2.5	3.9	0.344
TC₁	-0.4495	0.2850	0.8	1.9	3.0	0.686
TC₂	-0.5210	0.2310	1.5	3.6	5.7	0.056
TC₃	-0.5418	0.6945	2.7	6.7	10.6	0.002
pH	-0.1147	0.2671	0.7	2.7	2.7	0.758

浑善达克沙地长梗扁桃群丛特征及其驱动因素分析

Asociation characteristics of Amygdalus pedunculata and the environmental factors driving them in Otindag Sandy Land

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