12.6 ka以来毛乌素沙地典型风成沉积剖面光释光定年及其意义

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.09.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

毛乌素沙地环境演化对全球气候变化具有高度敏感性，其风沙-古土壤等沉积序列主要受东亚季风环流系统的影响。然而，沙地环境演化对季风变化的响应在局部区域呈现非线性响应特征，导致基于风成沉积重建区域气候环境变化过程存在不确定性。本文采用光释光定年技术对毛乌素沙地3个剖面的8个风成沉积物样品开展了系统的定年分析，结果表明：（1）剖面在约12.6 ka与0.1 ka沉积风沙层，而在约6.9 ka和9.6~4.2 ka发育古土壤层，分别对应较干冷气候与全新世大暖期的暖湿气候，揭示了沙地沉积受气候变化的影响。（2）约12.6 ka沙地东南部剖面发育了典型的风沙层，而同期中心区域剖面未见风沙沉积记录，可能与区域地形梯度引发的风力强弱变化及局部地貌差异有关。（3）沙地腹地剖面古土壤初始与停止发育时间的异同点可能与局部生态过程、地形地貌及气候事件等综合因素有关。（4）沙地东南部剖面缺失全新世中晚期沉积物，可能与区域流水剥蚀有关；而沙地中心区域剖面上部沉积的较年轻风沙层，可能与区域气候趋于干旱化导致的风沙活动增强有关。

关键词: 光释光定年, 风成沉积, 影响因素, 毛乌素沙地

Abstract:

The environmental evolution of the Mu Us Sandy Land is highly sensitive to global climate change, with its eolian sand and paleosoil series predominantly influenced by the East Asian monsoon system. However, the paleo-environmental response of the Mu Us Sandy Land to monsoon variations displays nonlinear characteristics in certain local regions, increasing the uncertainty in reconstructing regional climatic and environmental changes from eolian sediment records. This study employs optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) method to analyze 8 eolian sediment samples from 3 profiles in the Mu Us Sandy Land. The results indicate that: (1) The accumulation of eolian sand layers primarily occurred at approximately 12.6 ka and 0.1 ka, corresponding to relatively cold and dry climatic conditions, whereas paleosoil layers mainly developed at approximately 6.9 ka and between 9.6 ka and 4.2 ka, likely associated with the Holocene Climate Optimum. This indicates that the evolution of the Mu Us Sandy Land is closely linked to paleoclimate variations. (2) At approximately 12.6 ka, eolian sand layers were present in the southeastern part of the Mu Us Sandy Land but appeared absent in the interior region, possibly suggesting that variations in wind strength and local geographical and geomorphological features are significant factors influencing regional sediment deposition and accumulation. (3) Differences and similarities in the timing of paleosoil development initiation and cessation within interior profiles of the Mu Us Sandy Land may be attributed to local ecological processes, topography, and climatic events. (4) The absence of middle and late Holocene deposits in the southeastern region may be related to fluvial erosion, whereas the uppermost young eolian sand layer observed in the central profiles may suggest an increase in eolian activity due to recent regional aridification.

Key words: OSL dating, eolian deposition, influencing factors, Mu Us Sandy Land

黄龙, 杜埼敏, 李敏琪, 古斯乐图, 司月君, 黄日辉, 杭晓菊, 牛东风. 12.6 ka以来毛乌素沙地典型风成沉积剖面光释光定年及其意义[J]. 干旱区研究, 2025, 42(9): 1681-1690.

HUANG Long, DU Qimin, LI Minqi, Gusiletu , SI Yuejun, HUANG Rihui, HANG Xiaoju, NIU Dongfeng. OSL dating of typical eolian sand profiles in the Mu Us Sandy Land since 12.6 ka and its significance[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(9): 1681-1690.

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剖面	深度/cm	地层沉积学特征描述
WSQ-N	0~230	灰黄色风沙层，较松散，颗粒较粗，地表有稀疏植被，剖面清理过程中易垮塌，于风沙层近中部位置采集样品WSQ-N-1（深度约100 cm）
	230~380	深黑色砂质古土壤，颗粒较细，出露面较硬，抗风蚀能力较风沙层强，于古土壤层顶部与底部分别采集样品WSQ-N-2（~230 cm）和WSQ-N-3（~380 cm）
	>380	红色砂岩，坚硬
WSQ-S	0~200	灰黄色风沙层，颗粒粗，非常松散，难以采集原位/埋藏较好的样品
	200~300	深黑色砂质古土壤，颗粒较细，出露面较硬，含浅灰色土壤夹层，于古土壤顶部、中部和底部分别采样WSQ-S-1（~200 cm）、WSQ-S-2（~250 cm）和WSQ-S-3（~300 cm）
	>300	灰黄色风沙层，颗粒较粗，风沙层底部为含小砾石水相沉积物
GJG	0~30	深黑色砂质古土壤，颗粒较细，分布广泛，不同位置土壤层的厚度存在明显差异，于土壤层底部采集样品GJG-1（~30 cm）
GJG	>30	灰黄色风沙层，颗粒较粗，于风沙层顶部采集样品GJG-2（~40 cm），风沙层未见底

样品号	Th/(μg·g^-1)^a	U/(μg·g^-1)^a	K/%^a	含水量/%^b	宇宙射线 /(Gy·ka^-1)^c	埋藏深度/m	离散值/%	年剂量率 /（Gy·ka^-1）	等效剂量/Gy	年龄/ka
WSQ-N-1	3.41	0.87	2.23	5	0.223	1.0	16±5	2.74±0.12	0.31±0.03	0.1±0.1
WSQ-N-2	4.43	1.00	2.25	5	0.187	2.3	5±4	2.82±0.12	12.06±0.32	4.3±0.2
WSQ-N-3	4.03	0.93	2.28	5	0.154	3.8	16±7	2.78±0.12	26.57±2.93	9.6±1.1
WSQ-S-1	4.48	1.04	2.15	5	0.193	2.0	11±6	2.75±0.12	11.49±0.58	4.2±0.3
WSQ-S-2	4.26	1.06	2.01	5	0.181	2.5	19±8	2.60±0.11	18.37±1.52	7.1±0.7
WSQ-S-3	3.38	0.94	1.89	5	0.169	3.0	17±7	2.38±0.10	20.44±2.26	8.6±1.0
GJG-1	6.54	1.56	1.52	5	0.241	0.3	16±6	2.46±0.10	16.97±1.42	6.9±0.6
GJG-2	7.10	1.66	1.50	5	0.238	0.4	8±5	2.50±0.10	31.60±1.43	12.6±0.8