黄河流域上游植被覆盖变化特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.08.12

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植被覆盖度能很好的反映流域生态状况，遥感技术为大规模、高效、精准地监测植被覆盖变化提供了重要手段。本文分析了2001—2020年黄河流域上游植被覆盖度时空变化特征，利用Hurst指数与C_v系数检验其持续性、稳定性，分析气候、地形和人口对植被覆盖度变化的影响。结果表明：（1）植被覆盖度由东北向西南递增，69.25%区域呈增长趋势。稳定区域面积占总面积的73.79%，强持续性区域面积占比为66.49%。（2）植被覆盖度与降水正相关区域占比75.63%，与气温正相关区域占比39.28%。（3）植被覆盖度随着高程的增加先升高后下降，与坡度呈正相关，与坡向关系不显著。（4）植被覆盖度在人口密度为65~85人·km^-2与GDP为27000~37000元·km^-2时最高，人类活动对黄河流域上游植被覆盖变化呈现促进作用。研究结果为黄河流域上游生态高质量发展提供科学参考。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 时序变化, 影响因素, 黄河流域上游

Abstract:

Vegetation coverage provides a good reflection of the ecological status of the watershed, and remote sensing technology is important for the large-scale, efficient, and accurate monitoring of changes in vegetation coverage. This study examined the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of vegetation coverage in the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2020, using the Hurst index and C_v coefficient to test persistence and stability. The effects of climate, topography, and population on changes in vegetation coverage were analyzed. The results showed that the vegetation coverage increased from northeast to southwest, with an increasing trend in 69.25% of the areas. Stable areas accounted for 73.79% of the total area, and areas of strong sustainability accounted for 66.49%. (2) Of the total area, 75.63% was positively correlated with precipitation and 39.28% was positively correlated with temperature. (3) As elevation increased, vegetation coverage first increased and then decreased; coverage was positively correlated with slope but not significantly related to aspect. (4) The vegetation coverage was highest when the population density was 65-85 individuals·km^-2 and the GDP was 27000-37000 yuan·km^-2, indicating that human activities promoted changes in the vegetation cover in the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin. The results of this study provide a scientific reference to support the high-quality ecological development of the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin.

Key words: fractional vegetation cover, temporal change, influencing factors, upper Yellow River Basin

张宏伟, 别强, 石莹, 苏晓杰, 李欣璋. 黄河流域上游植被覆盖变化特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(8): 1385-1394.

ZHANG Hongwei, BIE Qiang, SHI Ying, SU Xiaojie, LI Xinzhang. Characteristics of vegetation cover changes in the upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin and the influencing factors[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(8): 1385-1394.

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	降水	气温	DEM	坡度	坡向	人口	GDP
q	0.6712	0.5591	0.5755	0.1773	0.0011	0.0147	0.0624
P	0	0	0	0	0.3995	0	0