毛乌素沙地不同土地利用类型的土壤粒度及有机质特征

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在毛乌素沙地选择半固定沙丘地、留茬地、翻耕地及草地4种土地利用类型，采集土壤表层（0~5 cm）和亚表层（5~10 cm）实验样品，测试并分析粒度和有机质的含量变化及其二者之间的相关性。结果表明：① 留茬地、翻耕地和草地的优势粒级为粉粒（0.002~0.05 mm）。表层土壤粉粒含量草地（61.06%)>留茬地（53.09%）>翻耕地（48.28%）；亚表层为草地（61.25%)>翻耕地（49.43%）>留茬地（48.42%）。半固定沙丘地的优势粒级为细砂（0.1~0.25 mm）。其表层含量52.69%，亚表层含量54.53%。② 土壤有机质含量，表层草地（18.75 g·kg-1）>翻耕地（12.53 g·kg-1）>留茬地（11.25 g·kg-1）>半固定沙丘地（8.13 g·kg-1）；亚表层草地（13.36 g·kg-1）>留茬地（13.05 g·kg-1）>翻耕地（12.67 g·kg-1）>半固定沙丘地（7.73 g·kg-1）。③ 土壤粒度与有机质的相关性表现为留茬地、半固定沙丘地的有机质与粉粒呈显著正相关，翻耕地有机质与中砂、细砂呈正相关，反映了翻耕地土壤有机质不稳定且易受其他因素影响。

关键词: 土壤粒度, 土壤有机质, 土地利用类型, 毛乌素沙地

Abstract:

In the Mu Us Sandland, the ecological environment is fragile, the soil wind erosion is serious, and the sandland is one of the key areas for desertification control in the sand source area of Beijing-Tianjin zone. In this paper, the soil granularity, organic matter content and their relationship under different land use patterns were studied so as to provide the basic data and the scientific basis for rational land use and desertification control. Through the field investigation in the Mu Us Sandland, the topsoil samples were collected from four land use types, i.e. the semi-fixed dune land, stubble land, ploughed land and grassland. The grain size and organic matter content of soil were analyzed, and the relationship between soil organic matter content and soil particle size distribution was discussed. The results showed that: ① Silt (0.002-0.05 mm) was dominant in stubble land, ploughed land and grassland, and its content in topsoil was in an order of grassland (61.06%) > stubble land (53.09%) > ploughed land (48.28%), and that in sub-surface layer was in an order of grassland (61.25%) > ploughed land (49.43%) > stubble land (48.42%). Fine sand (0.1-0.25 mm) was dominant in semi-fixed dune land, its content was 52.69% in topsoil and 54.53% in sub-surface layer; ② Soil organic matter content in topsoil was generally in an order of grassland (18.75 g·kg^-1) > ploughed land (12.53 g·kg^-1) > stubble land (11.25 g·kg^-1) > semi-fixed dune land (8.13 g/kg), and that in sub-surface layer was in an order of grassland (13.36 g/kg) > stubble land (13.05 g·kg^-1) > ploughed land (12.67 g·kg^-1) > semi-fixed dune land (7.73 g·kg^-1); ③ Correlation analysis of soil granularity and organic matter content showed that there was a significant positive correlation between organic matter content and silt content in stubble land and semi-fixed dune land, and a very significant positive correlation between organic matter content and moderate sand and fine sand in ploughed land, which revealed that the soil organic matter content in ploughed land was unstable and easily affected by other factors.

Key words: soil particle size, soil organic matter content, land use type, Mu Us Sandland

毛丽, 苏志珠, 王国玲, 马义娟, 李想. 毛乌素沙地不同土地利用类型的土壤粒度及有机质特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(3): 589-598.

MAO Li, SU Zhi-zhu, WANG Guo-ling, MA Yi-juan, LI Xiang. Soil Particle Size and Organic Matter Content of Different Land Use Types in the Mu Us Sandland[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(3): 589-598.

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