干旱区研究

干旱区研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 802-810.

• 植物生理 • 上一篇    下一篇

水分胁迫对覆膜滴灌棉花根系活力和叶片生理的影响

 杨传杰1，2, 罗毅1，3, 孙林1, 甘容1，2, 吉力力·阿不都外力3, 张艳1   

  1. 1.　中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室，中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京　100101；
    2.　中国科学院研究生院，北京　100049；3.　荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所，新疆　乌鲁木齐　830011
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-28 修回日期:2012-02-22 出版日期:2012-09-15 发布日期:2012-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 罗毅.E-mail: luoyi.cas@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:杨传杰（1981-），女，山东临沂人，博士研究生，主要研究方向为生态水文学.E-mail：yangcj.09b@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院“百人计划”项目；知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZXC2-YW-BR-12)；国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2010CB951002，2009CB825101）资助

Effect of Water Stress on Root Vigor and Leaf Physiology of Cotton under Mulch Drip Irrigation

YANG  Chuan-Jie1，2, LUO  Yi1，3, SUN  Lin1, GAN  Rong1，2, JI  Li-Li-·A-Bu-Du-Wai-Li3, ZHANG  Yan1   

  1. 1. Yucheng Comprehensive Experimental Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation 
    and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, 
    Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China；
    3. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
  • Received:2011-10-28 Revised:2012-02-22 Online:2012-09-15 Published:2012-10-09

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被引次数

62

摘要： 采用田间试验法，分析不同程度水分胁迫条件下棉花花铃期根尖根系活力、叶片叶绿素、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量变化，并对叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和根系活力与土壤含水率进行相关性分析。试验以60 cm土层田间持水量的105%、100%、95%、90%、85%、80%为灌溉上限，共设6个灌水梯度，即5 400、4 950、4 500、3 750、2 850 m3/hm2和2 550 m3/hm2。结果表明：单株叶片干重及叶面积、地上部干生物量、株高、叶绿素含量随灌水量的减少而降低，根冠比随灌水量的减少而增加。脯氨酸及丙二醛含量随灌水量的降低而升高，且与土壤含水率呈负相关关系，相关系数（r）分别为-0.704和-0.667；根系活力随灌水量的降低而降低，与土壤含水率呈正相关关系，其相关系数为0.67。当灌水上限为95%，即灌水量为4 500 m3/hm2时，作物表现出轻微的水分胁迫，随灌溉量的继续降低，胁迫加重。植物体内脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及根系活力与土壤含水率的相关关系在一定程度上可以用来表征棉花受干旱程度，可为棉花的灌溉管理提供参考依据。

关键词: 棉花, 根系活力, 滴灌, 水分胁迫, 叶绿素, 脯氨酸, 丙二醛

Abstract: Water stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth and physiological response of cotton plants to soil moisture stress under mulch drip irrigation. The total irrigation volumes of 5 400, 4 950, 4 500, 3 750, 2 850 and 2 550 m3/hm2 were designed for each treatment according to the upper irrigation limits of 105%, 100%, 95%, 90%, 85% and 80% of field capacity, respectively. Differences in root vigor, chlorophyll, proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were tested at cotton florescence and boll stage so as to reveal the physiological response of cotton plants to soil moisture stress. The relationships between soil moisture content and the praline and MDA contents as well as root vigor were analyzed. The results showed that the biomasses of dry shoots and leaves, leaf area, plant height, chlorophyll content and root vigor were significantly decreased due to water deficiency, while the rootshoot ratio, proline and MDA contents were sharply increased. The results also revealed that there was a negative correlation between soil moisture content and the proline and MDA contents, their correlation coefficients were -0.704 and -0.667 respectively, but the root vigor was decreased with the decrease of irrigation volume, their correlation was positive, and their correlation coefficient was 0.67. Moreover, this study revealed that the threshold level for water supply was 4 500 m3/hm2 to keep crop away from water stress. These results also revealed that the proline content, root vigor and MDA content were sensitive to soil moisture content.

Key words: cotton, root vigor, drip irrigation, soil moisture stress, chlorophyll, proline, malondialdehyde