土壤微生物膜对沙生植物幼苗光合和荧光特性的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.10

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 272-283.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.02.10

土壤微生物膜对沙生植物幼苗光合和荧光特性的影响

吴玮婷¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 王雨¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 高广磊¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), 张英¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 丁国栋¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 曹红雨¹^,²^,³^,⁴

1.北京林业大学水土保持学院，北京 100083
2.宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站，宁夏盐池 751500
3.林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心，北京 100083
4.水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室，北京 100083
5.林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室，北京 100083

收稿日期:2023-05-23 修回日期:2023-10-20 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-03-11
通讯作者: 高广磊. E-mail: gaoguanglei@bjfu.edu.cn
作者简介:吴玮婷（1999-），女，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为荒漠化防治. E-mail: wuweiting@bjfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目“毛乌素沙地系统修复新材料、新技术集成示范(2022YFHH0131)”

Effects of soil microbial films on the photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics of psammophyte seedlings

WU Weiting¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), WANG Yu¹^,²^,³^,⁴, GAO Guanglei¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), ZHANG Ying¹^,²^,³^,⁴, DING Guodong¹^,²^,³^,⁴, CAO Hongyu¹^,²^,³^,⁴

1. School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
2. Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert, Yanchi 751500, Ningxia, China
3. Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Beijing 100083, China
4. Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing 100083, China
5. State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2023-05-23 Revised:2023-10-20 Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为揭示土壤微生物膜对沙生植物幼苗光合和荧光特性的影响，以沙冬青（Ammopiptanthus mongolicus）和沙打旺（Astragalus laxmannii）幼苗为研究对象，设置不同菌剂施用方式（喷施、混施）和施用量（0、1、3、5、7 g·kg^-1和10 g·kg^-1）开展盆栽试验，比较分析土壤微生物膜形成后植物气体交换和叶绿素荧光特征。结果表明：（1）当菌剂施用量>3 g·kg^-1时，固结层硬度、厚度和土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶活性均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。（2）在3~7 g·kg^-1菌剂处理组沙打旺净光合速率显著高于对照组（P<0.05），且蒸腾速率（T_r）、净光合速率（P_n）和胞间CO₂浓度（C_i）均显著高于沙冬青（P<0.05）。（3）当菌剂施用量>5 g·kg^-1时沙打旺最大光化学效率（F_v/F_m）显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。除3 g·kg^-1处理组之外，沙冬青F_v/F_m和光化学猝灭系数（Q_P）均高于沙打旺。（4）土壤特性、光合气体交换和叶绿素荧光三者为部分中介模型，土壤特性的改变能直接影响沙冬青和沙打旺叶绿素荧光特性。土壤微生物膜使固结层硬度和厚度平均提高3.84%和152.85%，土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性平均增强93.37%、170.68%和256.03%。其通过改善土壤质量、提高叶片气孔导度从而增强沙冬青和沙打旺光合效率和能力，使沙打旺和沙冬青净光合速率平均提高28.48%，F_v/F_m平均提高0.84%。

关键词: 土壤微生物膜, 沙生植物, 光合作用, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract:

This study investigated the impact of soil microbial film sand fixation on the photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics of seedlings from two psammophyte species, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Astragalus laxmannii. A pot experiment was conducted utilizing different application methods (spray, mix) and application amounts (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 g·kg^-1). After soil microbial biofilm formation, the characteristics of plant gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) An application of bacteria exceeding 3 g·kg^-1 notably increased the hardness and thickness of the consolidated layer, alongside higher soil urease and sucrase activities compared to the control group (P < 0.05). (2) The net photosynthetic rate of Astragalus laxmannii in 3-7 g·kg^-1 treatment was significantly higher than that of the control (P < 0.05). Additionally, its transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, and intercellular CO₂ concentration surpassed those of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (P < 0.05). (3) Astragalus laxmannii treated with over 5 g·kg^-1 displayed significantly higher F_v/F_m values compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Except for the 3 g·kg^-1 treatment, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus exhibited higher F_v/F_m and Q_P values than Astragalus laxmannii. (4) Soil properties, photosynthetic gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence were partially mediated models. Changes in soil characteristics can directly affect the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus and Astragalus laxmannii. The soil microbial film increased consolidation layer hardness and thickness by 3.84% and 152.85%, respectively, and enhanced catalase, urease, and sucrase activities by 93.37%, 170.68%, and 256.03%, respectively. This improvement in soil quality and leaf stomatal conductance enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and capacity in both plants. The net photosynthetic rate and F_v/F_m increased by 28.48% and 0.84%, respectively.

Key words: soil microbial films, psammophyte, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence

吴玮婷, 王雨, 高广磊, 张英, 丁国栋, 曹红雨. 土壤微生物膜对沙生植物幼苗光合和荧光特性的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(2): 272-283.

WU Weiting, WANG Yu, GAO Guanglei, ZHANG Ying, DING Guodong, CAO Hongyu. Effects of soil microbial films on the photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics of psammophyte seedlings[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(2): 272-283.

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固结层	方式		用量		方式×用量
固结层	F	P	F	P	F	P
厚度	32.581	0.000	42.184	0.000	1.951	0.099
硬度	58.313	0.000	88.959	0.000	7.953	0.000

酶种类	方式		用量		方式×用量
酶种类	F	P	F	P	F	P
过氧化氢酶	21.665	0.000	2.902	0.035	3.928	0.010
脲酶	59.563	0.000	36.289	0.000	8.554	0.000
蔗糖酶	231.578	0.000	53.765	0.000	35.682	0.000

土壤微生物膜对沙生植物幼苗光合和荧光特性的影响

Effects of soil microbial films on the photosynthesis and fluorescence characteristics of psammophyte seedlings

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