新疆天山地区日照时数的气候特征

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 688-693.

新疆天山地区日照时数的气候特征

赵勇¹, 崔彩霞^1,2, 李扬¹

1. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐市沙漠气象研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002;
2. 新疆气象台, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830002

收稿日期:2010-05-11 修回日期:2010-06-21 出版日期:2011-08-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
作者简介:赵勇(1979-),男,新疆昌吉人,副研究员,主要从事区域气候变化和预测的研究.E-mail: zhaoyong@idm.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(40875010);中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(IDM200701,IDM200804)和新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(200891129)共同资助

Climatic Characteristics of Sunshine Duration in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang

ZHAO Yong¹, CUI Cai-xia^1,2, LI Yang¹

1. Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorology Administration, Urumqi 830002, China;
2. Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory, Urumqi 830002, China

Received:2010-05-11 Revised:2010-06-21 Published:2011-08-25 Online:2011-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于1961-2008年新疆天山地区23站日照时数的逐日资料,使用一元线性方程和M-K检验等统计方法,分析天山地区日照时数的时空变化特征。结果表明:① 日照时数的气候分布存在明显的空间差异,呈东多西少,南多北少的分布特征。② 区域平均日照时数均呈减少趋势,尤其在冬季和夏季。③ 四季除春季外日照时数均存在明显的年代际变化特征,并发生了由多到少的气候突变,冬季在1987年,夏季在1978年,秋季在1980年左右。20世纪80年代中后期至今,冬、夏、秋三个季节日照时数减少的趋势显著。④ 冬季和夏季日照时数的较快减少与近20年来污染加重及云量增多有关。

关键词: 气候变化, 日照时数, 时空分布, 年代际变化, 季节变化, 天山地区, 新疆

Abstract: Based on the daily sunshine duration data observed at 23 weather stations in the Tianshan Mountains during the period of 1961-2008, the spatiotemporal distribution and variation features of sunshine duration in the Tianshan Mountains were analyzed using some statistical methods, such as the simple linear regression and Mann-Kendall test. The results are as follows: (1) There was an obvious regional difference in climatic distribution of sunshine duration, and the sunshine duration increased from the west to the east and from the north to the south in the Tianshan Mountains; (2) The regional average sunshine duration was in a decrease trend, especially in winter and summer; (3) There was an obvious decadal variation trend of seasonal sunshine duration except that in spring, and a sharp decrease of seasonal sunshine duration occurred in winter 1987, summer 1978 and autumn 1980; (4) The sharp decrease of sunshine duration in winter and summer was related to the serious air pollution and the increase of cloud cover in recent 20 years.

Key words: climate change, sunshine duration, spatiotemporal distribution, decadal change, seasonal variation, Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

P422.11

赵勇, 崔彩霞, 李扬. 新疆天山地区日照时数的气候特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(4): 688-693.

ZHAO Yong, CUI Cai-xia, LI Yang. Climatic Characteristics of Sunshine Duration in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang[J]. , 2011, 28(4): 688-693.

参考文献

[1] 袁玉江,何清,穆桂金.天山山区近40 a夏季降水变化及与南北疆的比较[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(3):331-335.

[2] 王顺德,王彦国,王进,等.塔里木河流域近40 a来气候、水文变化及其影响[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(3):315-320.

[3] 何清,杨青,李红军.新疆40 a来气温、降水和沙尘天气变化[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(4):423-427.

[4] 杨莲梅.新疆极端降水的气候变化[J].地理学报,2003,58(4):577-583.

[5] 袁玉江,何清,魏文寿,等.天山地区与南、北疆近40 a来的年温度变化特征比较研究[J].中国沙漠,2003,23(4):521-526.

[6] 薛燕,韩萍,冯国华.半个世纪以来新疆降水和气温的变化趋势[J].干旱区研究,2003,20(2):127-130.

[7] 赵勇,黄丹青,古丽格娜,等.新疆北部夏季强降水分析[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(5):773-779.

[8] 袁晴雪,魏文寿.中国天山山区近40 a来的气候变化[J].干旱区研究,2006,23(1):115-118.

[9] 张运林,秦伯强,陈伟民,等.太湖无锡地区近40 a来日照时数的变化特征分析[J].气象科学,2003,23(2):231-237.

[10] 陆忠艳,周军,邱新法,等.可照时间受地形的影响及其精细的空间分布[J].南京气象学院学报,2005,28(1):64-71.

[11] Zhai P M,Zhang X B,Wan H,et a1.Trends in total precipitation and frequency of daily precipitation extremes over China [J].Journal of Climate,2005,18:1 096-1 108.

[12] 魏凤英.现代气候统计诊断与预测技术[M].北京:气象出版社 ,1999.

[13] 施雅风,沈永平,李栋梁,等.中国西北气候由暖干向暖湿转型的特征和趋势探讨[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(2):152-164.

[14] Houghton J T,Ding Y H,Griggs D J,et al.Climate Change 1995:The Science of Climate Change[M].New York:Cambridge University Press,1995.

[15] 翟盘茂,任福民.中国近40年最高最低温度变化[J].气象学报,1997,55(4):418-429.[Zhai Panmao,Ren Fumin.On change of China's maximum and minimum temperatures in the recent 40 years[J].Acta Meteorologica Sinica,1997,55(4):418-429.]

[16] 马禹,任宜勇,陈春艳,等.40年来新疆雾的演变特征及大雾天气过程分析[J].干旱区地理,2005,28(4):474-478.