策勒河流域地貌形态及其对生态格局的影响

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 355-362.

策勒河流域地貌形态及其对生态格局的影响

吴玉伟^1,2, 杨发相¹, 花婷^2,3

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049;
3. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2010-05-21 修回日期:2010-07-16 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
通讯作者: 杨发相. E-mail:yangfx@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:吴玉伟(1985-),男,山东聊城人,在读硕士,主要从事地貌与水土保持研究.E-mail:htwyw@sina.com
基金资助:
林业科技支撑计划子专题(2006BAD26B0202-1);塔里木盆地西南缘生态整治关键技术开发与示范(2009BAC54B05);交通部"荒漠地区公路建设环境变化与病害研究"(200631879735-1)及策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测站资助

Landforms and Their Effects on Ecological Pattern in the Qira River Basin

WU Yu-wei^1,2, YANG Fa-xiang¹, HUA Ting^2,3

1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2010-05-21 Revised:2010-07-16 Online:2011-04-25 Published:2011-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 策勒河发源于昆仑山中段北坡,自南向北流入塔里木盆地,流域为干旱区典型的山地-绿洲-荒漠格局。利用GIS软件对策勒河流域的数字高程模型数据进行处理,并结合其他资料进行综合分析。结果表明:1500~3500m的中海拔地区地貌形态类型多样,面积占总流域面积的58.05%;地形坡度≤15°的平缓、微缓、缓坡地区占70.31%;流域内东北和东两个坡向的面积占优势,分别占流域总面积的15.40%和14.19%;流域切割深度最小值为0m,最大值281m,大于20m的区域占流域面积的28.68%;流域内切割密度最小值为0,最大为7.81km/km²,大于1km/km²的区域占流域面积的42.74%。该流域生态格局的特点表现在山地从高到低植被的分带变化上,利用ArcGIS平台对植被类型图进行归类处理,并与高程数据叠加分析得到策勒河流域生态格局的垂直带谱。研究结果丰富了地貌及生态地貌学研究的内容,为流域环境保护、生态恢复与水土保持提供参考。

关键词: 地貌形态, 数字高程模型, 生态格局, 策勒河流域, 新疆

Abstract: With a typical arid mountain-oasis-desert pattern, the Qira River originates from the northern slope of the central Kunlun Mountains and flows into the Tarim Basin from the south to the north. In this paper, the data related to the Qira River Basin are analyzed comprehensively based on the digital elevation model (DEM)data processed by GIS software, and the conclusions are as follows: (1) There are the various landforms in the mid-altitude zone between 1 500 m and 3 500 m a. s. l., and their areas occupy 58.05% of the total of the drainage basin; (2) The proportion of areas with gentle slope ≤ 15° accounts for 70.31% of the total; (3) The proportions of areas with northeast aspect and east aspect occupy 15.40% and 14.19% of the total respectively and are 12.5% higher than the average value; (4) The minimum and maximum values of dissected depth of the basin is 0 m and 281 m respectively, and the proportion of the regions with dissected depth deeper than 20 m occupies 28.68% of the total; (5) The minimum and maximum values of dissected density is 0 and 7.81 km·km^-2, and the proportion of the regions with dissected density >1 km·km^-2 accounts for 42.74% of the total. The ecological pattern in the drainage basin is characterized by the zonal change of vegetation from the alpine to the oasis. The vertical spectrum of the ecological pattern in the Qira River Basin is obtained after analyzing the data of vegetation types using the ArcGIS platform. The research results not only enrich the research content of physiognomy and ecological physiognomy in the drainage basin, but also provide the references for environmental protection, ecological regeneration and soil and water conservation.

Key words: topographic feature, digital elevation model, ecological pattern, the Qira River Basin, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

P931.1

吴玉伟, 杨发相, 花婷. 策勒河流域地貌形态及其对生态格局的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(2): 355-362.

WU Yu-wei, YANG Fa-xiang, HUA Ting. Landforms and Their Effects on Ecological Pattern in the Qira River Basin[J]. , 2011, 28(2): 355-362.

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