3种保水措施影响下的风沙土水盐及地温特征

干旱区研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (2): 215-221.

3种保水措施影响下的风沙土水盐及地温特征

孙旭伟^1,2, 李生宇¹, 靳正忠¹, 徐新文¹, 安桂香^1,3

1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830011;
2. 甘肃省环境科学设计研究院, 甘肃兰州 730000;
3. 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2010-05-21 修回日期:2010-09-05 出版日期:2011-04-25 发布日期:2011-09-06
作者简介:孙旭伟(1983－), 男, 甘肃静宁人, 硕士研究生, 主要从事荒漠化防治研究.E-mail:sxwei0115@163.com
基金资助:
中国科学院西部行动计划项目(KZCX2-XB2-13);新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(200733144-3);塔里木油田公司科研项目(971008090016,971008090017)资助

Characteristic of Aeolian Soil Water, Salt and Temperature under Three Soil Moisture Conservation Treatments

SUN Xu-wei^1,2, LI Sheng-yu¹, JIN Zheng-zhong¹, XU Xin-wen¹, AN Gui-xiang^1,3

1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 820011, China;
2. Gansu Province Institute of Environmental Science Design and Research, Lanzhou 730000, China;
3. Graduate University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2010-05-21 Revised:2010-09-05 Published:2011-04-25 Online:2011-09-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地不同保水措施(覆膜、覆沙、喷施Guilspare)和裸地(对照)土壤水分、盐分分布及耕作层温度的变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:夏季采取保水措施能够抑制土壤蒸发,提高土壤的蓄水保墒能力。同时,还能起到抑制土壤盐分表聚的作用,明显地改变了风沙土水盐空间分布,降低表层盐分被淋溶至林木根系层的概率。保水措施对剖面土壤温度日变化的影响比较明显,其中覆膜处理下5~20cm土壤温度最高,其他处理对土壤温度的影响随深度的变化存在一定差异。对地温日变幅的影响随土层深度变化而变化。5cm土层地温日变幅为:覆沙>覆膜>抑制剂>裸地;5~20cm土层地温日变幅为:覆膜>覆沙>抑制剂>裸地。覆膜处理下垂直剖面地温极显著地高于其他处理(p<0.01),抑制剂显著的高于对照(p<0.05),覆沙处理与对照间差异不显著。

关键词: 风沙土, 土壤水分, 土壤盐分, 土壤温度, 保水措施, 沙漠公路, 塔克拉玛干沙漠

Abstract: This paper compares and analyzes the distribution of soil moisture content and salt as well as soil temperature under different soil moisture conservation treatments (soil mulched with film, buried with sand and spurted with Guilspare^®) with that of bare land (controlled) in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, Xinjiang. The results show that the soil moisture conservation measures could be taken to significantly restrict soil evaporation in summer and improve the capability of soil moisture conservation. Distribution of soil moisture content on the first day after irrigation was obviously affected by the soil moisture conservation treatment measures. Moisture content of soil mulched with film was higher than that treated with other measures at soil layer of 0-10 cm, and it decreased with soil depth deeper than 10 cm in an approximately linear way. The curves of moisture content of soil buried with sand and treated with inhibitor with the increase of soil depth were unimodal. Soil moisture was concentrated in soil layers of 30-60 cm and 20-40 cm respectively. At the end of irrigation interval, soil moisture content along the soil profiles under soil moisture conservation treatments was much higher than that of bare land. Moreover, soil salt accumulation could be effectively restricted by taking the soil moisture conservation measures, and salt content in topsoil was in an order of bare land > soil buried with sand > soil mulched with film > soil spurted with Guilspare^®. Soil salinity was in an order of bare land > soil buried with sand > soil mulched with film > soil spurted with Guilspare^® at 10 cm, and it was lower and there was no significant difference among the different treatments at soil layer of 10-70 cm. Daily change of soil temperature was obviously affected by soil moisture conservation measures. Temperature at soil layer mulched with film at depth of 5-20 cm was the highest, but there was only a small difference among other treatments. Change of soil temperature with the time reveal that the minimum values of soil temperature at soil depths of 5 cm and 10 cm occurred at 10:00, and then they were gradually increased with the time. The maximum values of soil temperature at depths of 5 cm and 10 cm occurred at 18:00 and 20:00 respectively. The minimum values of soil temperature at soil depths of 15 cm and 20 cm occurred at 12:00, and those at soil depths of 5 cm and 10 cm occurred at 20:00. Which reveal that the minimum and maximum values of soil temperature lagged with soil depth. Soil temperature fluctuation was affected obviously by soil moisture conservation measures, and it at soil depth of 5 cm was in an order of the soil buried with sand > soil mulched with film > soil spurted with Guilspare^® > bare land, but it was changed with the increase soil depth and in an order of soil mulched with film > soil buried with sand > soil spurted with Guilspare^® > bare land. The results of multiple comparisons reveal that the temperature of soil mulched with film was significantly higher than that treated with other measures (p<0.01), and that of soil spurted with Guilspare^® was significantly higher than that of bare land (p<0.05).

Key words: aeolian soil, soil moisture content, soil water and salt, soil temperature, soil moisture conservation treatments, desert highway, Taklimakan Desert

中图分类号:

S152.7

孙旭伟, 李生宇, 靳正忠, 徐新文, 安桂香. 3种保水措施影响下的风沙土水盐及地温特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2011, 28(2): 215-221.

SUN Xu-wei, LI Sheng-yu, JIN Zheng-zhong, XU Xin-wen, AN Gui-xiang. Characteristic of Aeolian Soil Water, Salt and Temperature under Three Soil Moisture Conservation Treatments[J]. , 2011, 28(2): 215-221.

参考文献

[1] 陈士辉,谢忠奎,王亚军,等.砂田西瓜不同粒径砂砾石覆盖的水分效应研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):433-436.[Chen Shihui,Xie Zhongkui,Wang Yajun,et al.Moisture storage effect of gravel mulch with different grain size on watermelon field[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(3):433-436.]

[2] 王俊,李凤民,贾宇,等.半干旱地区播前灌溉和地膜覆盖对春小麦产量形成的影响[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(3):77-82.[Wang Jun,Li Fengmin,Jia Yu,et al.Effects of plastic film mulching and pre-sowing irrigation on yield formation of spring wheat[J].Journal of Desert Research,2005,25(3):77-82.]

[3] Peter Cookson,Hayder Abdel Rahaman,Pierre Hisbrunner,et al. Evaluation of the water-saving potential of a hydrophobic polymer(Guilspare^®)in irrigation soil of the sultanate of Oman,Southern Arabia[C]//Proceedings of the 2nd Inter-Regional Conference on Environment-water.Lausanne Switzerland:Presses poly-techniques of Universities Romandes,2005:1-8.

[4] Fernandez J E,Morenoa F,Murilloa J M,et al.Evaluating the effectiveness of a hydrophobic polymer for conserving water and reducing weed infection in a sandy loam soil[J].Agricultural Water Management,2001,51:21-59.

[5] Al-kalbani M S,Cookson P,Rahame H A.Uses of hydrophobic siloxane polymer (Guilspare^®[HT6]) for soil water management application in the sultanate of Oman[J].Water International,2003,28(2):217-223.

[6] 孙树国,张建国,徐新文,等.塔中沙漠地区Guilspare^®抑制土壤蒸发的效应研究[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(5):99-103.[Sun Shuguo,Zhang Jianguo,Xu Xinwen,et al.Inhibition of Guilspare^® on soil evaporation in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,28 (5):99-103.]

[7] 纪永福,蔺海明,杨自辉,等.夏季覆盖盐碱地表面对土壤盐分和水分的影响[J].干旱区研究,2009,24(3):375-381.[Ji Yongfu,Lin Haiming, Yang Zihui,et al. Study on the effects of covering land on salt and moisture contents in saline or alkaline soil in summer[J].Arid Zone Research,2009,24(3):375-381.]

[8] 王永东,徐新文,雷加强,等.塔里木沙漠公路防护林生态防护林沿线土壤表层盐分特征[J].干旱区研究,2010,27(1):51-56.[Wang Yongdong,Xu Xinwen,Lei Jiaqiang,et al.Analysis on properties of topsoil salinity along the shelterbelts of the Tarim desert highway[J].Arid Zone Research,2010,27(1):51-56.]

[9] 王晓静,徐新文,雷加强,等.咸水滴灌下林带的盐结皮时空分布规律[J].干旱区地理,2006,23(3):399-404.[Wang Xiaojing,Xu Xinwen,Lei Jiaqiang,et al.Spatiotemporal distribution of salt crust in a shelter-forest belt under drip-irrigation with salt water[J].Arid Land Geography,2006,23(3):399-404.]

[10] 李生宇,雷加强,徐新文,等.流动沙漠地区灌溉林地盐结皮层特征的初步研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(2):41-48.[Li Shengyu,Lei Jiaqiang,Xu Xinwen,et al.Characteristics of salt crust layers in the forests irrigated with saline water in mobile desert[J].Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2007,29(2):41-48.]

[11] 张建国,徐新文,雷加强,等.沙漠地区咸水滴灌林地盐结皮层化学特征[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(2):255-260. [Zhang Jianguo, Xu Xinwen, Lei Jiaqiang, et al.Chemical properties of the salt crust layer in shelterbelts under drip irrigation with saline water in a mobile desert[J].Arid Zone Research,2009,26(2):255-260.]

[12] 贺欢,田长彦,王林霞.不同覆盖方式对新疆棉田土壤温度和水分的影响[J].干旱区研究,2009,26(6):826-831.[He Huan,Tian Changyan, Wang Linxia. Effect of different coverings on soil temperature and soil moisture content in cotton field in Xinjiang [J].Arid Zone Research,2009,26(6):826-831.]

[13] 邵明安,王全九,黄明斌.土壤物理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.[Shao Mingan,Wang Quanjiu, Huang Mingbin.Soil Physics[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,2006.]

[14] 刘广明,杨劲松.土壤含盐量与土壤电导率及水分含量关系的试验研究[J].土壤通报,2001,32(6):85-87.[Liu Guangmin,Yang Jingsong. Study on the correlation of soil salt content with electric conductivity and soil water content[J].Chinese Journal of Soil Science,2001,32(6):85-87.]

[15] 员学锋,汪有科.不同保墒条件下土壤温度日变化效应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2008,27(3):82-84.[Yuan Xuefeng, Wang Youke. Daily changing of soil temperature under different soil water conservation treatment[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage,2008,27(3):82-84.]

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

1286

HTML			PDF

Just accepted	Online first	Issue	Just accepted	Online first	Issue
0	0	1	0	0	1285

From	Others	local

Times	945	341
Rate	73%	27%

Abstract

1573

Just accepted	Online first	Issue

0	0	1573

From	Others	local

Times	1572	1
Rate	100%	0%

Cited

Web of Science	Crossref	ScienceDirect	Search for Citations in Google Scholar >>


This page requires you have already subscribed to WoS.

Shared