气候变化背景下1958—2017年陕西省0 cm地温时空变化特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用陕西省1958—2017年18个气象观测站逐月0 cm地温和气温数据,结合线性回归、Mann-Kendall非参数检验、空间插值等方法,分析了陕西省0 cm地温时空变化趋势。结果表明：（1）近60 a来,陕西省年及四季平均0 cm地温除夏季外均呈显著增加趋势（P<0.01）,气候倾向率呈冬季[0.42 ℃·(10a)^-1]>春季[0.38 ℃·(10a)^-1]>年[0.27 ℃·(10a)^-1]>秋季[0.23 ℃·(10a)^-1]>夏季[0.07 ℃·(10a)^-1]的规律。（2）陕西省年和四季平均0 cm地温均发生突变增温,主要集中在20世纪90年代后期,地温突变后较之前升温幅度为春季>冬季>年>夏季>秋季。（3）陕西省年及四季平均0 cm地温均表现为“南高北低”的空间分布特征,所有气象站点年际、春季和冬季地温及33%的站点夏季地温、83%的站点秋季地温呈现显著上升趋势（P<0.05）。（4）陕西省年及四季地气温差除夏季外均呈上升趋势,其中气候倾向率呈冬季[0.17 ℃·(10a)^-1]>春季[0.1 ℃·(10a)^-1,P< 0.01]>年均[0.07 ℃·(10a)^-1,P< 0.01]>秋季[0.02 ℃·(10a)^-1]>夏季[-0.01 ℃·(10a)^-1]的规律。（5）陕西省近60 a年均温及四季气温与0 cm地温均呈显著正相关关系,其显著性呈现秋季>春季>年>夏季>冬季的特点。

关键词: 0 cm地温, 时空变化, 突变, 地气温差, 陕西省

Abstract:

We analyzed the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of 0 cm surface temperature in Shaanxi Province during 1958 to 2017 based on monthly surface and air temperature data from 18 meteorological observation stations, by using linear fitting, Mann-Kendall nonparametric tests and spatial interpolation. The results indicated that annual and seasonal 0 cm surface temperature had a significant upward trend (P<0.01) except summer during 1958 to 2017 in Shaanxi Province. The climate tendency showed a trend as winter [0.42 ℃·(10a)^-1]>spring [0.38 ℃·(10a)^-1]>annual [0.27 ℃·(10a)^-1]>autumn [0.23 ℃·(10a)^-1]>summer [0.07 ℃·(10a)^-1]. We observed that the abrupt changes in annual and seasonal surface temperatures were concentrated at the end of 1990s. After the mutation, the largest warming range was in spring, followed by winter, annual, summer, and autumn. Moreover, we found that the annual and seasonal surface temperatures showed a spatial distribution of “high in the South and low in the north”. The annual, spring, and winter surface temperatures of all meteorological stations showed a significant upward trend (P<0.05), while 33% of stations in summer and 83% in autumn had the same characteristics. Additionally, annual and seasonal surface-air temperature difference showed an upward trend except summer during 1958 to 2017 in Shaanxi Province. The climate tendency showed a trend as winter [0.17 ℃·(10a)^-1]>spring [0.1 ℃·(10a)^-1]>annual [0.07 ℃·(10a)^-1, P<0.01]>autumn [0.02 ℃·(10a)^-1, P<0.01]>summer [-0.01 ℃·(10a)^-1]. Finally, there is a significant positive correlation between the annual average temperature, four seasons temperature and 0 cm surface temperature in Shaanxi Province in recent 60 years, which is characterized by autumn>spring>annual>summer>winter.

Key words: 0 cm surface temperature, temporal and spatial change, abrupt change, surface-air temperature difference, Shaanxi Province

肖薇薇,安彬,史佳琪. 气候变化背景下1958—2017年陕西省0 cm地温时空变化特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(5): 1244-1253.

XIAO Weiwei,AN Bin,SHI Jiaqi. Temporal and spatial characteristics of 0 cm surface temperature in Shaanxi Province during 1958 to 2017 under climate change[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(5): 1244-1253.

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时间	突变时间	突变前平均值/℃	突变后平均值/℃	突变前后变化量/℃
春季	1997	14.761	16.459	1.698
夏季	2014	27.175	28.201	1.027
秋季	1993	12.546	13.256	0.710
冬季	1995	-0.796	0.662	1.457
年	1996	13.436	14.581	1.145