2000—2020年汾河流域生态环境与水源涵养时空变化

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.02.15

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于时空性、生态性和整体性原则，采用2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年以及2020年5期研究数据，利用RSEI模型和InVEST模型评估汾河流域20 a的生态环境质量及水源涵养量的动态变化，并通过相关性分析研究二者之间的关系。结果表明：（1） 2000—2020年RSEI良好级面积增幅较大（23.6%），优级增加了1.9%，主要分布于汾河流域西部和东部地区。（2） 2020年水源涵养总量为228.9×10⁸mm，相比于2000年增加了23×10⁸mm，主要分布于上游水源地，中下游的中部地区水源涵养量较低。（3） RSEI和水源涵养量二者的正相关性区域面积占78.42%，负相关性区域面积占21.58%，总体呈现出正相关性。汾河流域20 a来生态环境持续变好，良好和优面积逐年增加，差和较差面积逐年下降，中等级呈现波动上升后下降的趋势；水源涵养功能持续提高，上游水源地的水源涵养量明显增加，中下游中部地区较低；汾河流域生态环境与水源涵养正相关性区域面积比例最大，水源涵养能力提高能够促进生态环境质量变好，同时生态环境质量提高也能促进当地水源涵养能力的提高；存在21.58%的区域二者关系呈现负相关，主要与二者的主导因素有关。

关键词: 生态环境, 水源涵养, 时空变化, 汾河流域

Abstract:

The ecological environment quality (based on the principles of space-time, ecology, integrity, and the dynamic changes) and water conservation in Fenhe River Basin in the past 20 years were analyzed by using the RSEI model and the InVEST model. The relationship between RSEI and water conservation was studied through the correlation analysis. The results showed that: (1) from 2000 to 2020, the area of a good grade RSEI increased by 23.6%, and the area of excellent grade (mainly distributed in the West and East of Fenhe River Basin) increased by 1.9% (2) In 2020, the total amount of water conservation would be 228.9 × 10⁸ mm (an increase of 23 × 10⁸ mm compared with 2000). High conservation capacity was mostly found in the upstream water supply, while the intermediate region of the middle and lower reaches had poor water conservation ability (3) The positive correlation between RSEI and water conservation was 78.42%. Conclusions: (1) The ecological environment of the Fenhe River Basin has been improving continuously for the past 20 years. The medium level shown a declining tendency after fluctuation, whereas the good and poor areas had both increased annually. (2) Over the past 20 years, the water conservation function of the Fenhe River Basin had been continuously improved. The water conservation capacity of the upstream water source areas had increased significantly, while the intermediate and lower reaches had less water conservation capacity. (3) The proportion of positive correlation between the ecological environment and water conservation in the Fenhe River Basin was the largest. The improvement of water conservation capacity could promote the improvement of ecological environment quality and vice versa. There are 21.58% of the regions with negative correlation, which was mainly related to the dominant factors of the two.

Key words: ecological environment, water conservation, spatial and temporal changes, Fenhe River Basin

许丽婷,刘海红,黄丽洁,王钰帆. 2000—2020年汾河流域生态环境与水源涵养时空变化[J]. 干旱区研究, 2023, 40(2): 313-325.

XU Liting,LIU Haihong,HUANG Lijie,WANG Yufan. Spatial and temporal changes of ecological environment and water conservation in Fenhe River Basin from 2000 to 2020[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(2): 313-325.

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数据类型	空间分辨率/m	数据来源	数据处理
汾河流域	90	中国科学院资源环境科学与数据中心	DEM水文分析，确定流量和流向，划分分水岭，生成流域矢量边界
遥感影像	50	全球云计算平台Landsat影像（TM影像和OLI影像）	中值合成、影像筛选、几何纠正、辐射定标、大气校正、拼接裁剪
土地利用类型	30	生态遥感前沿	5期数据均进行Albers投影转换、流域矢量数据裁剪等预处理
降水量	1000	国家地球系统科学数据中心	5期数据均进行Albers投影转换、流域矢量数据裁剪等预处理
潜在蒸散发	1000	Applied Spatial Econometrics	5期数据均进行Albers投影转换、流域矢量数据裁剪等预处理
土壤	1000	国家青藏高原科学数据中心	5期数据均进行Albers投影转换、流域矢量数据裁剪等预处理