生态输水对孔雀河地下水埋深及植被的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.04.01

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解生态输水后地下水埋深和植被的变化,采用统计方法和遥感影像数据分析输水后孔雀河地下水埋深时空变化特征、地下水埋深和累积输水量的关系以及输水后NDVI和植被覆盖度的变化。结果表明:从时间变化来看,生态输水后孔雀河地下水埋深呈现稳步抬升趋势,年内地下水埋深变化主要受人类农业生产活动影响;从空间变化来看,垂直于河道方向上各断面地下水埋深的抬升幅度随距离的增加而减小,沿河道方向上,中游断面埋深抬升变化量最大;地下水埋深与累积生态输水量呈负相关,中游断面相关性最显著;2016—2019年上游和中游断面所在的研究河段NDVI分别增长了64.28%和100%,下游河段NDVI值稳定在0.05,距河道2 km范围内植被覆盖度呈增长趋势。生态输水对孔雀河流域地下水埋深和植被已产生积极作用,建议在未来的生态输水过程中保持合理输水量的同时,加强地下水监管力度,保护生态安全。

关键词: 孔雀河, 生态输水, 地下水埋深, NDVI, 植被覆盖度

Abstract:

To understand changes in groundwater depth and vegetation after ecological water conveyance, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of groundwater depth, the relationship between groundwater depth and cumulative water volume, and changes in the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and vegetation coverage after water conveyance were analyzed using statistical methods and remote sensing image data. In regards to temporal variation, the results showed a steady upward trend in the groundwater depth of the Kongque River after ecological water transfer, and that the yearly change in groundwater depth was mainly caused by human agricultural production. In regards to spatial change, the range of rising groundwater depth decreased with increasing distance in each perpendicular section to the river channel. The change of the buried depth of the middle reach along the river direction was the largest. There was a negative correlation between groundwater depth and cumulative ecological water delivery. The correlation of the middle reach section was the most significant. From 2016 to 2019, the NDVI of the upstream and midstream sections increased by 64.28% and 100%, respectively, whereas the NDVI value of the downstream reach was stable at 0.05. The vegetation coverage within 2 km from the three river reaches showed an increasing trend. Thus, ecological water conveyance had a positive effect on groundwater depth and vegetation in Kongque River Basin. These results suggest that a reasonable water conveyance amount should be maintained to strengthen groundwater supervision and control, and to protect ecological security.

Key words: Kongque River, ecological water conveyance, groundwater depth, NDVI, vegetation coverage

刘璐,陈亚鹏,李肖杨. 生态输水对孔雀河地下水埋深及植被的影响[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(4): 901-909.

LIU Lu,CHEN Yapeng,LI Xiaoyang. Effect of ecological water conveyance on groundwater depth and vegetation in the Kongque River[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(4): 901-909.

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输水次数	开始时间	结束时间	持续天数/d	输水总量/10⁴ m³
第1次	2016-08-26	2016-10-09	45	11730
第2次	2017-08-01	2017-11-18	110	57100
第3次	2018-04-06	2018-10-11	189	43340
第4次	2019-04-10	2019-12-31	270	45150

	KS/m	KZ/m	K1/m	K2/m	K3/m
2015年	-	-	6.54	6.74	2.11
2016年	-	-	6.60	6.75	2.04
2017年	7.03	14.59	6.46	6.61	1.84
2018年	6.23	11.39	5.58	6.01	1.50
2019年	5.66	10.27	5.56	5.90	1.51
多年平均	6.31	12.03	6.12	6.40	1.80

监测断面	Pearson相关系数
KS	-0.316^**
KZ	-0.773^**
K1	-0.484^**
K2	-0.326^**
K3	-0.259^**