基于GF-1/WFV时间序列的绿洲作物类型提取

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2019.03.30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 当前基于中等空间分辨率时序数据的农作物种植结构提取成为研究热点,但农作物季相节律特征在不同气候背景下存在较大差异,绿洲作为干旱区具有明显小气候效应的生态景观,其农作物种植结构的遥感提取具有较强的典型性和代表性。选取宁夏河套平原绿洲典型区域,通过构建高分一号(GF-1/WFV)时间序列数据,结合不同作物耕作方式及生长物候,分析不同作物在整个生长季内的归一化植被指数(NDVI)和归一化水体指数(NDWI)的时间序列特征,构建不同决策树提取研究区农作物种植结构信息,并验证了不同方法的适用性。结果表明,对具有明显小气候效应的干旱区绿洲,利用时间分辨率和空间分辨率都较优的GF1-WFV时间序列数据,对其农作物种植结构进行遥感提取具有较强的实用性和代表性。

关键词: 农作物, 种植结构, GF-1/WFV时间序列, 决策树, 遥感提取, 绿洲, 宁夏

Abstract: The rapid extraction of regional crops is of great significance for agricultural production management,planting structure adjustment and optimization,and food security.The use of time series data of remote sensing image for extracting crops is an important means,and the time resolution and spatial resolution are constraints.The time resolution of medium spatial resolution of remote sensing data is significantly improved with the successful launch of the first satellite GF-1 of China High-resolution Earth Observation System.However,the seasonal rhythm features of crops differ greatly under different climate backgrounds.The Hetao Oasis is irrigated by the Yellow River.It has an ecological landscape with obvious microclimate effect.The extraction of remote sensing data of crops is typical and representative.The Hetao Oasis in Ningxia is selected as the study area to analyze and evaluate the applicability of GF-1 satellite data in extracting crops.According to the characteristics of crop planting in the study area,the four main crops including rice,corn,wheat and alfalfa were extracted.Firstly,the GF-1/WFV image was calculated by band,and the NDVI and NDWI time series of remote sensing data sets were obtained.The values of NDVI and NDWI of the main crops were extracted,and the time series curves of NDVI and NDWI were constructed.The time series data of remote sensing indexes of the main crops were analyze,the farming information was determined to extract the phases and thresholds of the crops,construct the decision tree and extract the crops.The time series data of natural grasslands,reed and grape and of other vegetation types were combined to establish the CART decision tree so as to verify the classification effect of the correlation time series and the decision tree constructed by the farming information.The results are as follows:① The morphological characteristics of time series curves were different from different farming ways,and the NDVI time series data could be used to describe the growth status of crops in different periods; the NDWI time series data obtained from GF-1/WFV could be used to describe the soil moisture status of different crops and reflect the different irrigation systems of different crops in the study area.The NDVI time series and the NDWI time series could be used to accurately express the surface dynamic change information of the surrounding areas of the study area,correlate the crop time series with farming information,and effectively recognize different crops;② Compared with the CART decision tree,the decision tree of classification phase,classification threshold and classification accuracy constructed by combining different crop farming information and main crop curve features were similar.These indicated that the farming ways were different from different crops in the study area,and the time series of corresponding NDVI and NDWI values were significantly different.

Key words: crops, cropping pattern, GF-1/WFV time series data, decision tree, remote sensing mapping, oasis, Ningxia

刘雅清, 王磊, 赵希妮, 璩向宁, 许兴, 王锐. 基于GF-1/WFV时间序列的绿洲作物类型提取[J]. 干旱区研究, 2019, 36(3): 781-789.

LIU Ya-qing, WANG Lei, ZHAO Xi-ni, QU Xiang-ning, XU Xing, WANG Rui. Extraction of Crops in Oasis Based on GF-1/WFV Time Series[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2019, 36(3): 781-789.

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