宁夏盐池县生态系统水分利用效率时空特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2024.04.11

干旱区研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 650-660.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2024.04.11

宁夏盐池县生态系统水分利用效率时空特征及其影响因素

马龙龙¹^,²(), 易志远¹^,², 魏采用³, 周峰⁴, 李明涛⁴, 乔成龙¹^,², 杜灵通¹^,²()

1.宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地，宁夏银川 750021
2.宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室，宁夏银川 750021
3.宁夏回族自治区遥感调查院，宁夏银川 750021
4.宁夏回族自治区矿产地质调查院，宁夏银川 750021

收稿日期:2023-07-12 修回日期:2024-01-15 出版日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-04-26
通讯作者: 杜灵通. E-mail: dult80@qq.com
作者简介:马龙龙(1997-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事陆地生态系统碳水循环. E-mail: mall0911@qq.com
基金资助:
宁夏自然科学基金重点项目(2022AAC02011);国家自然科学基金(41967027);宁夏地质局财政项目(NXCZ20220203);宁夏优秀人才支持计划(RQ0012)

Temporal and spatial characteristics of ecosystem water use efficiency and influencing factors in Yanchi County, Ningxia, China

MA Longlong¹^,²(), YI Zhiyuan¹^,², WEI Caiyong³, ZHOU Feng⁴, LI Mingtao⁴, QIAO Chenglong¹^,², DU Lingtong¹^,²()

1. Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
2. Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
3. Ningxia Institute of Remote Sensing Survey, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China
4. Ningxia Institute of Geological and Mineral Resources Survey, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia, China

Received:2023-07-12 Revised:2024-01-15 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-04-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水分利用效率（WUE）是衡量植物光合固碳和水分消耗之间权衡关系的重要指标。研究区域植被WUE的时空变化特征对区域生态恢复、水资源的合理利用与开发等方面至关重要。本研究基于MODIS的GPP和ET数据评估2000—2019年盐池县植被WUE的时空变化特征及其主要的影响因子。结果表明：（1） 2000—2019年盐池县的ET和GPP分别以7.61 mm·a^-1和7.23 g C·m^-2·a^-1的速率显著增加，空间上呈西北高东南低的分布特征，具有较强的空间异质性。（2）近20 a，盐池县植被WUE变化范围在0.80~1.11 g C·kg^-1·H₂O之间，多年均值为0.91 g C·kg^-1·H₂O，年际变化不显著；从空间上来看，全县WUE存在较强的异质性，高值主要分布在东北部，低值位于西南部。（3）近20 a，宁夏盐池县WUE在空间上有54.70%的区域呈上升趋势，主要分布在东北部；45.30%的区域以下降趋势为主。未来，盐池县61.48%区域的植被WUE变化趋势具有较强的同向持续性；而38.52%的区域将会发生逆转。（4）在不同研究时段，各土地利用类型的WUE均表现为：林地>耕地>草地。（5）在年际尺度上，植被WUE与GPP呈显著正相关关系，而与ET不相关；GPP的变化主要与ET、NDVI和降水呈显著正相关关系。这表明盐池县植被恢复在增强植被生产力的同时，也加剧了区域水分消耗，为盐池未来生态植被重建和水资源的合理开发提供了科学依据。

关键词: 水分利用效率, 总初级生产力, 蒸散, 荒漠草原, 生态恢复, 宁夏

Abstract:

Water use efficiency (WUE) is an important measure of the tradeoff between photosynthetic carbon sequestration and water consumption in ecosystems. Estimation of vegetation’ WUE and analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution of vegetation WUE are crucial for ecosystem preservation as well as the wise use and development of water resources in this area. In this study, we assessed the spatial and temporal characteristics of vegetation WUE and its main influencing factors in Salt Lake County from 2000 to 2019 on the basis of GPP and ET data from MODIS. The results were as follows: (1) Both ET and GPP increased significantly from 2000 to 2019 (P<0.01), and the rates of increase were 7.61 mm·a^-1 and 7.23 g C·m^-2·a^-1, respectively. ET and GPP showed obvious heterogeneity in space. (2) Between 2000 and 2019, the vegetation WUE in Yanchi County fluctuated between 0.80 and 1.11 g C·kg^-1·H₂O, and the multiyear average value was 0.91 g C·kg^-1·H₂O. The rate of increase was 0.0013 g C·kg^-1·H₂O·a^-1, but it was not significant. The vegetation WUE showed high heterogeneity in space, with high values mainly distributed in the northeast and low values in the southwest. (3) From 2000 to 2019, WUE mainly increased and decreased in 54.70% and in 45.30% of the area, respectively, in Yanchi County. In the future, 61.48% of the area in Yanchi County will show the same change trends in WUE as in the past, and 38.52% of the area will show reversed trends in WUE. (4) The WUE of each land use type in different study periods decreased in the following order: forest land > cultivated land > grassland. (5) There was a significant correlation between WUE and GPP in Yanchi County (P<0.05), whereas variations in GPP were mainly driven by changes in ET, NDVI, and precipitation, indicating that GPP is the main reason for the changes in WUE in Yanchi County. The Yanchi County Ecological Restoration Project not only enhances vegetation productivity but also increases regional water consumption, resulting in fluctuations in the WUE of the regional ecosystem. This suggests that vegetation restoration in Yanchi County has intensified regional water depletion while enhancing vegetation productivity, which provides a theoretical basis for future ecological revegetation and codevelopment of water resources in Yanchi County.

Key words: water use efficiency, gross primary productivity, evapotranspiration, desert steppe, ecological restoration, Ningxia

马龙龙, 易志远, 魏采用, 周峰, 李明涛, 乔成龙, 杜灵通. 宁夏盐池县生态系统水分利用效率时空特征及其影响因素[J]. 干旱区研究, 2024, 41(4): 650-660.

MA Longlong, YI Zhiyuan, WEI Caiyong, ZHOU Feng, LI Mingtao, QIAO Chenglong, DU Lingtong. Temporal and spatial characteristics of ecosystem water use efficiency and influencing factors in Yanchi County, Ningxia, China[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(4): 650-660.

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宁夏盐池县生态系统水分利用效率时空特征及其影响因素

Temporal and spatial characteristics of ecosystem water use efficiency and influencing factors in Yanchi County, Ningxia, China

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