阴山北麓荒漠草原干旱气象因子分析

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.14

Abstract

Abstract:

Steppe is a key part of the ecological environment construction in the west region, and its ecosystem is very fragile. In recent years, desert steppe drought disasters occur frequently. Taking the Yinshanbeilu National Field Research Station of Desert Steppe Eco-Hydrological System in Inner Mongolia as the experimental area, the precipitation changes at different slope positions are monitored, the relationship and function between meteorological factors and drought index PA value are analyzed, and a regression model is constructed. The results show that: (1) the precipitation at different slope positions of the desert steppe at the north foot of Yinshan Mountain is: downhill>middle slope>uphill, and the corresponding drought index PA value is: uphill_PA > middle slope_PA>downhill_PA (2) From the observation of each time scale, monthly scale analysis shows that there are different degrees of drought at each slope position, and the drought frequency is high; Seasonal scale analysis shows that light drought occurred only in winter; The annual scale analysis found that the region did not reach the drought threshold in recent 5 years. Overall, the average annual precipitation in this area is sufficient and there is no drought disaster. (3) The multiple regression model constructed according to the main meteorological factors such as precipitation, air temperature and wind speed and the drought index PA value is: Y_PA=78.799+0.255x₁-3.395x₂-1.831x₃, R²=0.994, the fitting degree of the model is high, which can better reflect the drought situation in the region. It provides a theoretical basis for further studying the relationship between multi meteorological factors and various drought indicators, as well as constructing drought evaluation system.

Key words: precipitation, drought index, desert steppe, the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain, multiple linear regression

YUCHI Wensi,MIAO Henglu,WANG Xingtian,GAO Tianming,WU Jiabin. Analysis of meteorological factors affecting drought in a desert steppe of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain[J].Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(5): 1327-1334.

Figures/Tables 12

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References 30

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等级	类型	降水量距平百分率/%
等级	类型	月尺度	季尺度	年尺度
1	无旱	-40<PA	-25<PA	-15<PA
2	轻旱	-60<PA≤-40	-50<PA≤-25	-30<PA≤-15
3	中旱	-80<PA≤-60	-70<PA≤-50	-40<PA≤-30
4	重旱	-95<PA≤-80	-80<PA≤-70	-45<PA≤-40
5	特旱	PA≤-95	PA≤-80	PA≤-45

气象因子	平均值	标准差
降水量/mm	249.74	20.26
气温/℃	4.12	0.70
风速/(m·s^-1)	2.60	0.12
相对湿度/%	56.96	2.31
地温/℃	6.86	0.80
土壤水分/mm	12.46	0.40
太阳辐射/(W·m^-2)	200.92	4.06

主成分	特征值	方差贡献率/%	累积方差贡献率/%
1	3.934	56.197	56.197
2	1.645	23.495	79.691
3	1.008	14.405	94.097

气象因子	主成分1	主成分2	主成分3
降水量/mm	-0.947	0.905	0.843
气温/℃	0.911	0.372	0.353
风速/(m·s^-1)	-0.587	0.206	-0.053
相对湿度/%	0.928	0.774	-0.214
地温/℃	0.803	0.160	0.276
土壤水分/mm	-0.488	-0.117	0.142
太阳辐射/(W·m^-2)	0.346	0.079	-0.167

模型	平方和	均方	F值	P值
回归	28.737	9.579	1350.735	0.000
残差	0.11	0.11
总计	28.748

Analysis of meteorological factors affecting drought in a desert steppe of the northern foot of Yinshan Mountain

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