干旱区自然资源地表基质细化分类体系构建与调查深度

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.01.08

Abstract

Abstract:

The classification of the ground substrate is a fundamental basis for conducting ground substrate surveys and monitoring. It reveals the synergistic coupling relationship between the ground substrate and the surface cover layer, which aids in understanding the mechanisms of interaction between the ground substrate and the ecological environment from both the surface cover and subsurface spatial elements. This study targeted the Sangong River Basin in Xinjiang, a typical inland river basin in an arid region. Based on the heterogenous distribution of the mountain-oasis-desert landscape in arid regions, a three-tier classification and zoning system for ground substrates was developed, considering the distribution area, elevation range, and main surface cover of the surface substrates. The overall classification was divided into four primary categories, 17 secondary categories, and 28 tertiary categories. Considering the physical and chemical properties of the soil and the distribution characteristics of vegetation root systems, the suitable survey depth for ground substrates in the southern mountainous area was 50 cm; in the central plain area, it was 3 m; and in the northern desert area, it was less than 10 m. Additionally, based on the differentiation characteristics of Net Primary Productivity in vertical zonal ecosystems, the rationality of the classification system was validated, reflecting the role of ground substrate layers in nurturing and supporting land cover. These results provide theoretical and technical support for future natural resource surveys, monitoring, and scientific management decisions in arid regions.

Key words: ground substrate, classification of ground substrate, survey depth of underground, arid area, Sangong River Basin

LI Shuangyuan, XU Zhu, WANG Yugang, SUN Jinjin. Construction of a refined classification system and survey depth of underground for natural resource ground substrates in arid zones[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(1): 84-96.

Figures/Tables 13

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编号	土地利用类型	灌溉方式	灌溉水源	采样数量	水位埋深/m
S1	荒漠	-	-	29	5.8
S2	农田	滴灌	地下水	32	6.4
S3	荒漠	-	-	28	5.6
S4	农田	滴灌	地下水	29	5.7

数据类型	数据名称	数据精度	数据格式	简介及来源
气象数据	温度、降水数据	1 km	TIFF	采用1901—2022年中国1 km分辨率逐月平均气温和降水量数据集（http://www.geodata.cn），时间序列为1990—2020年
气象数据	太阳辐射数据	1 km	TIFF	太阳总辐射数据通过日照百分率数据换算得到。本文使用的日照百分率数据来源于国家气象科学数据共享服务平台（http://data.cma.cn），时间序列为1990—2020年。通过和清华等^[14]的方法计算太阳总辐射值
遥感数据	DEM数据	30 m	TIFF	采用ASTER GDEM产品，来自地理空间数据云（https://www.gscloud.cn）
	NDVI数据	30 m	TIFF	采用Landsat影像数据，来自谷歌地球引擎（Google Earth Engine，GEE）平台时间序列为1990—2020年。影像的调取和处理基于GEE云平台，其中1990—2011年和2013—2020年的影像分别选用Landsat 5和Landsat 8数据。经去云、大气校正和裁剪等前处理，通过计算公式^[15]进行NDVI的计算
	植被覆盖类型数据	500 m	TIFF	采用MODIS MCD12Q1（https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search)的年度合成产品，时间序列为2001—2019年

Construction of a refined classification system and survey depth of underground for natural resource ground substrates in arid zones

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