黄土丘陵区覆沙坡面产流产沙过程及水沙关系

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.04.17

Abstract

Abstract:

The characteristics of runoff and sediment and runoff-sediment relationship under four overlying sand conditions and three runoff slope length conditions were studied by indoor water discharge scoring tests. Results showed that the initial runoff time of the sand-covered slope was significantly longer than that of the loess slope, and the initial runoff time increased with the increase of sand-covered thickness. In addition, the unsynchronized time of peak runoff and sediment was found. The runoff rate of different slopes was small at the beginning of the test, and it gradually increased and stabilized with the extension of the runoff time. The sediment rate of the loess slope had a stable trend with the extension of runoff time, whereas the sediment rate of the sand-covered slope had a larger fluctuation range. The accumulated sediment on different slopes increased gradually with the increase of accumulated runoff, and a power function relationship was observed between them. The sand layer had a certain water storage function; thus, the erosion process of the sand-covered slope was evidently different from that of the loess slope. The thickness of the sand cover is an important factor affecting the erosion characteristics of the slope, which provides a scientific basis for further study of the erosion characteristics of the composite slope.

Key words: loess, sand covered slope, runoff and sediment yield, runoff-sediment relationship

SU Yuanyi,FENG Zhaohong,ZHANG Yang,LEI Na,ZHANG Tingyu. Runoff and sediment yield and relationship between water and sediment of sand covered slope of loess hilly region[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(4): 1166-1173.

Figures/Tables 8

Tab. 1

Fig. 1

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Tab. 4

References 22

[1]	张建文, 李鹏, 高海东, 等. 覆沙坡面微地形变化与侵蚀产沙的响应关系[J]. 干旱区研究, 2020, 37(3): 757-764.
	[Zhang Jianwen, Li Peng, Gao Haidong, et al. Response relationship between micro-relief variation and slope erosion under sand-covered conditions[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2020, 37(3): 757-764.]
[2]	唐克丽. 黄土高原生态环境建设关键性问题的研讨[J]. 水土保持通报, 1998, 18(1): 1-7.
	[Tang Keli. Discussion on key problem of eco-environment construction on Loess Plateau[J]. Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation, 1998, 18(1): 1-7.]
[3]	唐克丽. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区治理的重要性与紧迫性[J]. 中国水土保持, 2000(11): 11-12.
	[Tang Keli. Importance and urgency of harnessing the interlocked area with both water and wind erosion in the Loess Plateau[J]. Soil and Water Conservation in China, 2000(11): 11-12.]
[4]	许炯心. 黄河中游支流悬移质粒度与含沙量、流量间的复杂关系[J]. 地理研究, 2003, 22(1): 39-48.
	[Xu Jiongxin. Complicated relationships between suspended sediment grain-size, water discharge and sediment concentration in tributaries of middle Yellow River[J]. Geographical Research, 2003, 22(1): 39-48.]
[5]	Zhang F B, Bai Y J, Xie L Y, et al. Runoff and soil loss characteristics on loess slopes covered with aeolian sand layers of different thicknesses under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2017, 549: 244-251. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.04.002
[6]	闫云霞, 许炯心. 黄河多沙粗沙区高含沙水流发生频率的空间分异及其与侵蚀产沙的关系[J]. 泥沙研究, 2010(3): 9-16.
	[Yan Yunxia, Xu Jiongxin. Spatial variation of hyperconcentrated flow frequency and its relationship with specific sediment yield in the high-intensity coarse sediment producing area of the Loess Plateau, China[J]. Journal of Sediment Research, 2010(3): 9-16.]
[7]	邹亚荣, 张增祥, 王长有, 等. 中国风水侵蚀交错区分布特征分析[J]. 干旱区研究, 2003, 20(1): 67-70.
	[Zou Yarong, Zhang Zengxiang, Wang Changyou, et al. Analysis on the distribution characteristics of the interleaving zones of water/wind erosion in china[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2003, 20(1): 67-70.]
[8]	海春兴, 史培军, 刘宝元, 等. 风水两相侵蚀研究现状及我国今后风水蚀的主要研究内容[J]. 水土保持学报, 2002, 16(2): 50-52, 56.
	[Hai Chunxing, Shi Peijun, Liu Baoyuan, et al. Research status of wind and water double erosion and its main study content in future[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2002, 16(2): 50-52, 56.]
[9]	张庆印. 黄土高原沙黄土水蚀与风蚀交互作用模拟试验研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2013.
	[Zhang Qingyin. Simulation Experiment of Aeolian-Fluvial Inter Action of Loess Soil on the Loess Plateau[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2013.]
[10]	武秀荣. 片沙覆盖黄土区沙土二元结构坡面侵蚀过程研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2015.
	[Wu Xiurong. Studying Erosion Process of Aeolian Sand over Loess Surface in Hilly Region of the Loess Plateaue Covered by Aeolian Sand[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2015.]
[11]	武秀荣, 张风宝, 王占礼. 片沙覆盖黄土坡面沙土二元结构剖面土壤物理性质变化研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2014, 28(6): 190-193, 210.
	[Wu Xiurong, Zhang Fengbao, Wang Zhanli. Variation of sand and loess properties of binary structure profile in hilly region covered by sand of the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2014, 28(6): 190-193, 210.]
[12]	张丽萍, 唐克丽, 张平仓. 片沙覆盖的黄土丘陵区土壤水蚀过程研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 1999, 5(1): 41-46.
	[Zhang Liping, Tang Keli, Zhang Pingcang. Soil water erosion processes in loess hilly gully region covered with sheet sand[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1999, 5(1): 41-46.]
[13]	张丽萍, 倪含斌, 吴希媛. 黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区不同下垫面土壤水蚀特征实验研究[J]. 水土保持研究, 2005, 12(5): 126-127.
	[Zhang Liping, Ni Hanbin, Wu Xiyuan. Soil water erosion processes on sloping land with different material in the wind-water interaction zone in the Loess Plateau[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2005, 12(5): 126-127.]
[14]	惠振江. 陕北毛乌素沙地与黄土区过渡地带荒漠化研究[D]. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学, 2001.
	[Hui Zhenjiang. Desertification in the Transition Zone between Mowusu Sandy Land and Loess Hill Region[D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2001.]
[15]	汤珊珊, 李占斌, 任宗萍, 等. 覆沙坡面产流产沙过程试验研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2015, 29(5): 25-28.
	[Tang Shanshan, Li Zhanbin, Ren Zongping, et al. Experimental study on the process of runoff and sediment yield on sand-covered slope[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015, 29(5): 25-28.]
[16]	Su Y Y, Li P, Ren Z P, et al. Slope erosion and hydraulics during thawing of the sand-covered Loess Plateau[J]. Water, 2020, 12(9): 2461. doi: 10.3390/w12092461
[17]	Zhang F B, Yang M Y, Li B B, et al. Effects of slope gradient on hydro-erosional processes on an aeolian sand-covered loess slope under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2017, 553: 447-456. doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.08.019
[18]	谢林妤, 白玉洁, 张风宝, 等. 沙层厚度和粒径组成对覆沙黄土坡面产流产沙的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2017, 54(1): 60-72.
	[Xie Linshu, Bai Yujie, Zhang Fengbao, et al. Effects of thickness and particle size composition of overlying sand layer on runoff and sediment yield on sand-covered loess slopes[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017, 54(1): 60-72.]
[19]	Xu G C, Tang S S, Lu K X, et al. Runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall on sand-covered slopes in a region subject to wind-water erosion[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2015, 74: 2523-2530. doi: 10.1007/s12665-015-4266-1
[20]	Wang T, Li P, Liu Y, et al. Experimental investigation of freeze-thaw meltwater compound erosion and runoff energy consumption on loessal slopes[J]. Catena, 2020, 185: 104310. doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2019.104310
[21]	张辉, 李鹏, 汤珊珊, 等. 多场次降雨条件下覆沙坡面的径流产沙特性试验研究[J]. 泥沙研究, 2016(6): 59-65.
	[Zhang Hui, Li Peng, Tang Shanshan, et al. Experimental study on runoff and sediment yield characteristics on sand-covered slope under the condition of repetitive rainfall[J]. Journal of Sediment Research, 2016(6): 59-65.]
[22]	汤珊珊, 李占斌, 李聪, 等. 模拟降雨条件下覆沙坡面产流产沙过程研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 44(5): 139-146.
	[Tang Shanshan, Li Zhanbin, Li Cong, et al. Runoff and sediment yield process on sand covered slope under simulated rainfall[J]. Journal of Northwest A & F University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 44(5): 139-146.]

试验土壤	黏粒（<0.002 mm）	粉粒（0.002~0.05 mm）	砂粒（>0.05 mm）
黄绵土	0.17	61.22	38.31
风沙土	0.72	14.38	84.9

径流坡长/m	覆沙条件/cm	试验编号	坡面类型	流量/(L·min^-1)	产流历时/min	坡度/（°）	初始土壤含水量/%	土壤容重/(g·cm^-3)
2	0	U20	黄土坡面	1	15	12	15.78	1.27
	1	U21	覆沙坡面	1	15	12	14.38	1.29
	2	U22		1	15	12	15.76	1.27
	3	U23		1	15	12	15.45	1.25
4	0	U40	黄土坡面	1	15	12	16.61	1.21
	1	U41	覆沙坡面	1	15	12	15.81	1.27
	2	U42		1	15	12	15.95	1.21
	3	U43		1	15	12	15.30	1.20
6	0	U60	黄土坡面	1	15	12	15.65	1.22
	1	U61	覆沙坡面	1	15	12	16.96	1.24
	2	U62		1	15	12	14.72	1.22
	3	U63		1	15	12	15.86	1.23

特征值	试验编号
特征值	U20	U21	U22	U23	U40	U41	U42	U43	U60	U61	U62	U63
IRT/min	0.66	2.3	3.11	4.18	0.62	2.07	2.51	3.59	0.53	1.8	2.02	2.39
Q_max/mL	774.50	855.14	863.94	889.49	759.70	832.43	891.14	987.88	734.9	843.24	924.56	932.98
Q_maxT/min	14	12	12	12	15	13	11	15	10	15	15	15
M_max/g	99.86	555.47	813.82	808.47	109.33	480.26	875.94	971.17	199.09	470.51	654.73	948.64
M_maxT/min	15	10	7	7	9	9	11	8	14	1	8	8

试验编号	拟合公式	试验编号	拟合公式	试验编号	拟合公式
U20	S=0.1204Q^0.8841 R²=0.9984	U40	S=0.1204Q^1.0148 R²=0.9961	U60	S=0.2227Q^0.8804 R²=0.9864
U21	S=0.7065Q^0.9261 R²=0.9663	U41	S=0.5871Q^1.165 R²=0.9895	U61	S=0.6323Q^1.153 R²=0.9925
U22	S=0.3744Q^1.1438 R²=0.9365	U42	S=0.4231Q^1.2648 R²=0.9134	U62	S=0.5731Q^1.1318 R²=0.9524
U23	S=0.3851Q^1.2206 R²=0.8996	U43	S=0.2875Q^1.2138 R²=0.981	U63	S=0.4629Q^1.0805 R²=0.9944

Runoff and sediment yield and relationship between water and sediment of sand covered slope of loess hilly region

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Like

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 22

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	QIU Chunxia, LIU Xiaohong, LI Dou, ZHANG Jiamiao, LI Pengfei. Application of airborne LiDAR with fuzzy inference system in soil erosion monitoring on the Loess Plateau [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(8): 1331-1342.
[2]	MAO Guangrui, ZHAO Jinmei, ZHU Gong, CUI Haiming, LIU Wanzhi. Vegetation characteristics of herb communities on highway slopes of the Loess Plateau and their relationship with soil [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(5): 788-796.
[3]	WANG Xinying, MA Chao, LYU Liqun, ZHANG Yan. Erosion characteristics of shallow landslides under various land-use conditions: An example of the Caijiachuan landslide [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(4): 697-705.
[4]	WANG Bo, ZHANG Jianjun, LAI Zongrui, ZHAO Jiongchang, HU Yawei, YANG Zhou, LI Yang, WEI Zhaoyang. Effect of soil moisture content on the accuracy of root configuration detection by ground penetrating radar [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(3): 456-466.
[5]	XING Xinran, ZHANG Yi, LI Peng, LIU Xiaojun, TAO Qingrui, REN Zhengyan, XU Shibin. Simulated effects of soil enzyme activity on soil organic carbon mineralization in dam land under dry and wet conditions [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(11): 1969-1980.
[6]	ZHAO Yuqi, WEI Tianxing. Changes in vegetation cover and influencing factors in typical counties of the Loess Plateau from 1990 to 2020 [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2024, 41(1): 147-156.
[7]	SONG Jiajia, LI Gangtie, GUO Jingjie, GU Zhonghou, LIU Kun, LI Zhilong, KANG Xia. Population structure and dynamic analysis of natural Juniperus rigida in a loess hilly area [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(8): 1304-1311.
[8]	WANG Siqi, ZHANG Jianjun, ZHANG Yanqin, ZHAO Jiongchang, HU Yawei, LI Yang, TANG Peng, WEI Zhaoyang. Understory plant community diversity of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation with different densities in the loess plateau of western Shanxi Province [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(7): 1141-1151.
[9]	LYU Jinxin, LIANG Kang, LIU Changming, ZHANG Yihui, LIU Lu. Spatial differentiation mechanism of land cover and related changes in water-carbon variables in Wuding River Basin [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(4): 563-572.
[10]	CUI Shuai, XU Qiang, YUAN Shuang, PU Chuanhao, CHEN Wanlin, JI Xu. Evaluation of Dongzhi Loess Plateau Gully development based on combined entropy weight Rank-Sum Ratio method [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(3): 481-491.
[11]	HE Junqi,BAI Hanwei,XU Yiwei,NI Lili. Main nutrient characteristics and influencing factors of farmland soil in the Loess Plateau of the Shaanxi Province [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(12): 1907-1917.
[12]	PEI Hongze, ZHAO Yachao, ZHANG Tinglong. Analysis of spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of local regional NEP in the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2020 [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(11): 1833-1844.
[13]	XIAO Xu, ZHENG Cheng, DING Chengqin, FAN Chenzhe, BAI Yuejiang, LIN Longchao, YAN Ting, GAO Yu, SHI Haijing. Comparative analysis of the temperatures and rainfall in loess hilly regions using the ANUSPLIN model [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(10): 1575-1582.
[14]	LIU Huanhuan, CHEN Yin, LIU Yue, GANG Chengcheng. Simulation of spatial pattern and future trends of grassland net primary productivity in the Loess Plateau based on random forest model [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(1): 123-131.
[15]	AN Bin,XIAO Weiwei,ZHU Ni,LIU Yufeng. Temporal and spatial variations of precipitation concentration degree and precipitation concentration period on the Loess Plateau from 1960 to 2019 [J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(5): 1333-1344.