且末县绿洲区地表水与地下水中硼的分布特征及其影响因素

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2025.07.06

Abstract

Abstract:

There are high levels of boron in surface water and groundwater in the oasis area of Qiemo County, Xinjiang, which seriously affects the health of residents. To clarify the chemical characteristics of the oasis water and the main source of the boron, 24 groundwater samples from each of 20 locations were collected in 2023. They were then analyzed using a Piper three-line plot, Gibbs diagram, and correlation analysis, along with evaluations of hydrogen-oxygen isotopes. An APCS-MLR (absolute principal component-multiple linear regression) model of the chemical characteristics of surface water and groundwater and the source of the boron was also constructed, as well as quantitative evaluation of the contribution of different factors to water boron levels and other hydrochemical components. The results showed that the surface water and groundwater in the oasis area of Qiemo County are weakly alkaline, the mean pH is 8.22, the groundwater is mainly brackish water, and the anode ions are mainly $S O 4 2 -$ and Na⁺. There are many types of hydrochemistry, with surface water and groundwater mainly containing SO₄·Cl-Na·Mg. The mean level of boron in the surface water in the study area was 2.34 mg·L^-1, with an exceeding rate of 100%; meanwhile, the corresponding value in the groundwater was 1.73 mg·L^-1, with an exceeding rate of 70%. APCS-MLR receptor model analysis revealed that the hydrochemical components and boron sources were mainly soluble filter-enrichment factors (F1: 58.21%), native geological factors (F2: 15.42%), human activity factors (F3: 11.18%), and unknown sources. These findings clarify the cause of the excessive boron in the area, and show that the geological environment has a great influence on the accumulation of boron in water.

Key words: high boron groundwater, high boron surface water, hydrochemical characteristics, analysis of influencing factors, Qiemo County

LIU Liang, DONG Jiangwei, ZHOU Jinlong, LI Jiang. Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of distribution of boron in surface water and groundwater in the oasis area of Qiemo County and factors influencing it[J].Arid Zone Research, 2025, 42(7): 1222-1235.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Statistical values of hydrochemical parameters in the study area"

指标	地下水（n=20）					地表水（n=4）
指标	最大值	最小值	均值	标准差	变异系数	最大值	最小值	均值	标准差	变异系数
B	6.42	0.25	1.73	1.29	0.75	3.23	1.91	2.34	0.53	0.23
Na⁺+K⁺	1713.64	135.10	349.24	362.13	1.04	385.58	154.39	228.45	93.26	0.41
Ca²⁺	300.90	43.70	81.44	52.59	0.65	68.20	53.40	62.40	6.10	0.10
Mg²⁺	194.70	16.50	63.92	48.36	0.76	77.90	36.00	49.03	17.09	0.35
Cl^-	2394.00	146.00	457.35	489.67	1.07	515.00	184.00	287.50	134.79	0.47
$S O 4 2 -$	1466.00	84.00	358.35	327.40	0.91	385.00	163.00	239.75	90.08	0.38
$H C O 3 -$	719.00	149.00	245.65	138.35	0.56	325.00	210.00	249.25	44.77	0.20
F^-	1.37	0.59	1.14	0.34	0.30	1.08	0.62	0.78	0.18	0.23
TDS	6154.00	641.00	1433.20	1255.43	0.88	1596.00	701.00	995.25	360.09	0.36
TH	1553.00	209.00	466.55	300.71	0.64	491.00	285.00	358.00	81.39	0.23
pH	8.33	7.62	8.06	0.18	0.02	8.44	8.30	8.38	0.06	0.01

Tab. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Tab. 2

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Tab. 3

Eigenvalues of common factors and component matrix"

		解释的总方差		化学指标		旋转成分矩阵
公因子		初始特征值				公因子
公因子	合计	方差贡献率/%	累计贡献率/%		1	2	3
1	7.657	58.210	58.210	B	0.056	0.924	-0.144
2	2.005	15.424	73.634	Na⁺	0.982	0.025	-0.117
3	1.453	11.177	84.812	K⁺	0.880	0.204	-0.26
4	0.932	7.165	91.977	Ca²⁺	0.874	-0.199	0.178
5	0.557	4.284	96.262	Mg²⁺	0.896	0.352	-0.037
6	0.243	1.866	98.128	Cl^-	0.988	-0.036	-0.075
7	0.150	1.152	99.279	$S O 4 2 -$	0.972	-0.01	-0.119
8	0.062	0.474	99.753	$H C O 3 -$	0.002	0.933	0.069
9	0.025	0.189	99.942	$N O 2 -$ -N	0.025	-0.064	0.874
10	0.007	0.052	99.994	F^-	0.254	0.031	-0.570
11	0.001	0.006	100.000	TDS	0.991	0.050	-0.086
12	0.000	0.000	100.000	TH	0.974	0.147	0.053
13	0.000	0.000	100.000	Eh	0.470	0.377	0.464

Tab. 3

Fig. 10

Fig. 11

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水样类别	统计值	δD/‰	δ¹⁸O/‰	d/‰
高硼地下水（n=14）	最大值	-55.682	-8.134	16.623
	最小值	-70.487	-10.167	6.616
	平均值	-63.316	-9.277	10.899
低硼地下水（n=6）	最大值	-56.157	-8.486	16.724
	最小值	-74.159	-11.105	11.730
	平均值	-68.624	-10.286	13.664
高硼地表水（n=4）	最大值	-54.189	-7.016	9.997
	最小值	-61.060	-8.803	1.936
	平均值	-58.925	-8.258	7.136

Distribution characteristics and influencing factors of distribution of boron in surface water and groundwater in the oasis area of Qiemo County and factors influencing it

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