气候因素和人类活动对砒砂岩区植被净初级生产力的影响

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2023.12.11

Abstract

Abstract:

As a highly serious soil and water loss area in the Loess Plateau, vegetation growth plays an important role in controlling soil erosion and maintaining ecological balance. This study calculated the net primary productivity of vegetation NPP and 18 extreme climate indices in the Pisha sandstone area from 2001 to 2021 based on the CASA model and Rclimdex 1.0, respectively. Trend analysis, correlation analysis, random forest importance ranking, and residual analysis were used to study the spatial-temporal variation of NPP and its response to climate factors in the Pisha sandstone area. The relative contributions of climate factors and human activities to the NPP in the Pisha sandstone area were also calculated. The results showed that (1) NPP variation in all regions of the Pisha sandstone area from 2001 to 2021 had a significant increasing trend, but in the future, 82.5% of the NPP in the Pisha sandstone area will change to a decreasing trend. (2) On the annual scale, NPP correlated positively with average annual temperature, total annual precipitation, and extreme heavy precipitation index and correlated negatively with cold night days TN10P and diurnal temperature range DTR. On the seasonal scale, the increase in average temperature and warm night days in spring was conducive to increase NPP, and there is a lag effect. Increasing the number of warm days in summer was unconducive to vegetation growth, and the NPP has a three-month lag response to the number of warm days in summer. Extreme heavy precipitation in summer was conducive to NPP increase, whereas summer drought was unconducive to vegetation growth, and NPP has a three-month lag response to the number of continuous dry days. (3) Both climate change and human activities contribute positively to NPP in the Pisha sandstone area. The climate contribution of the bare area and the covered sand area is dominant (62.13% and 60.06%, respectively), whereas that of the covered soil area is dominated by human activities (60.40%).

Key words: Pisha sandstone area, net primary productivity of vegetation(NPP), extreme climate, human activities, residual analysis

WANG Yi’en, RAO Liangyi. Impact of climatic factors and human activities on the net primary productivity of the vegetation in the Pisha sandstone area[J].Arid Zone Research, 2023, 40(12): 1982-1995.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Methods for calculating relative contribution rates of climate factors and human activities"

$s l o p e (N P P o b s)$	驱动因素	驱动因素的划分标准		驱动因素的贡献率/%
$s l o p e (N P P o b s)$	驱动因素	$s l o p e (N P P c c)$	$s l o p e (N P P H A)$	气候变化	人类活动
>0	CC&HA	>0	>0	$s l o p e (N P P c c) s l o p e (N P P o b s)$	$s l o p e (N P P H A) s l o p e (N P P o b s)$
	CC	>0	<0	100	0
	HA	<0	>0	0	100
<0	CC&HA	<0	<0	$s l o p e (N P P c c) s l o p e (N P P o b s)$	$s l o p e (N P P H A) s l o p e (N P P o b s)$
	CC	<0	>0	100	0
	HA	>0	<0	0	100

Tab. 2

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Tab. 3

Tab. 4

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类别	代码	名称	定义	单位
极端气温冷极值	TN10P	冷夜日数	日最低气温<10％分位值的日数	d
	TX10P	冷昼日数	日最高气温<10%分位值的日数	d
	TNn	日最低气温极小值	每月内日最低气温的最小值	℃
	TXn	日最高气温极小值	每月内日最高气温的最小值	℃
极端气温暖极值	TN90P	暖夜日数	日最低气温>90%分位值的日数	d
	TX90P	暖昼日数	日最高气温>90%分位值的日数	d
	TNx	日最低气温极大值	每月内日最低气温的最大值	℃
	TXx	日最高气温极大值	每月内日最高气温的最大值	℃
其他气温指数	DTR	气温日较差	最高气温与最低气温的差值	℃
其他气温指数	GSL	生长季长度	日平均气温第一次连续6 d以上大于5 ℃至日平均气温第一次( 6月1日后) 连续6 d小于5 ℃的日数	d
极端降水指数	PRCPTOT	雨日降水总量	雨日(日降水量≥1 mm) 降水总量	mm
	RX1day	1 d最大降水量	每月最大1 d降水量	mm
	RX5day	5 d最大降水量	每月连续5 d最大降水量	mm
	R95P	强降水量	每年日降水量>95%分位值的总降水量	mm
	R99P	极强降水量	每年日降水量>99%分位值的总降水量	mm
	SDII	年均雨日降水强度	降水量≥1 mm的总量与总日数的比值	mm·d^-1
	CDD	持续干燥日数	日降水量<1 mm 的最长连续日数	d
	CWD	持续湿润日数	日降水量≥1 mm 的最长连续日数	d

2001年	2021年						转出总量
2001年	草地	建设用地	耕地	林地	水域	未利用土地	转出总量
草地	52.94	4.36	4.67	1.47	0.36	0.93	11.80
建设用地	0.19	0.97	0.09	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.33
耕地	5.39	1.70	13.19	0.47	0.26	0.11	7.93
林地	0.70	0.36	0.22	2.63	0.04	0.03	1.35
水域	0.48	0.23	0.30	0.09	1.86	0.04	1.14
未利用土地	2.02	0.27	0.12	0.13	0.04	3.28	2.57
转入总量	8.78	6.92	5.40	2.18	0.72	1.12	25.12

2001年	2021年						转出总量
2001年	草地	建设用地	耕地	林地	水域	未利用土地	转出总量
草地	55.48	2.91	5.48	1.22	0.33	0.91	10.85
建设用地	0.19	0.81	0.09	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.32
耕地	6.41	1.05	14.70	0.39	0.25	0.11	8.21
林地	0.93	0.30	0.30	2.64	-0.05	0.04	1.52
水域	0.45	0.20	0.27	0.07	1.74	0.03	1.02
未利用土地	2.23	0.19	0.10	0.10	0.04	0.05	2.66
转入总量	10.21	4.65	6.24	1.8	0.58	1.1	24.58

Impact of climatic factors and human activities on the net primary productivity of the vegetation in the Pisha sandstone area

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