Arid Zone Research ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 605-614.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.02.27
• Ecology and Environment • Previous Articles Next Articles
WANG Jia1(),TIAN Qing1(
),WANG Lide1,2,HE Hongsheng1,SONG Dacheng2,GUO Chunxiu2
Received:
2021-04-22
Revised:
2021-08-11
Online:
2022-03-15
Published:
2022-03-30
Contact:
Qing TIAN
E-mail:2507326198@qq.com;tqing@gsau.edu.cn
WANG Jia,TIAN Qing,WANG Lide,HE Hongsheng,SONG Dacheng,GUO Chunxiu. Effects of different years of returning farmland on soil moisture and species diversity in Minqin Qingtu Lake area[J].Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(2): 605-614.
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Tab. 1
Basic characteristics in abandoned land in different years"
退耕年限/a | 经纬度 | 海拔/m | 群落优势种 | 土壤类型 |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 39 °03′52.00″N,103°35′14.00″E | 1308.1 | 茴香(Foeniculum vulgare) | 灰棕漠土 |
1 | 39°03′57.53″N,103°35′07.29″E | 1305.9 | 地肤+中亚滨藜+虎尾草(Kochia scoparia+Atriplex centralasiatica+Chloris virgata) | 灰棕漠土 |
2 | 39 °03′49.18″N,103°35′11.43″E | 1314.2 | 碱蓬+地肤+白茎盐生草+虎尾草(Suaeda glauca+Kochia scoparia+Halogeton arachnoideus+Chloris virgata) | 灰棕漠土 |
4 | 39 °03′50.69″N,103°35′10.2″E | 1308.7 | 碱蓬+地肤+芨芨草+小果白刺(Suaeda glauca+Kochia scoparia+Achnatherum splendens+Nitraria sibirica) | 灰棕漠土 |
8 | 39 °03′25.13″N,103°36′08.92″E | 1305.0 | 小果白刺+黑果枸杞(Nitraria sibirica+Lycium ruthenicum) | 灰棕漠土 |
13 | 39 °02′30.29″N,103°36′18.18″E | 1306.4 | 黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum) | 灰棕漠土 |
20 | 39 °01′44.11″N,103°37′01.85″E | 1308.1 | 黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum) | 灰棕漠土 |
30 | 39 °02′39.51″N,103°37′29.73″E | 1302.0 | 黑果枸杞+盐爪爪(Lycium ruthenicum+Kalidium foliatum) | 灰棕漠土 |
40 | 39 °02′54.31″N,103°37′55.49″E | 1302.8 | 黑果枸杞+盐爪爪(Lycium ruthenicum+Kalidium foliatum) | 灰棕漠土 |
Tab. 3
Species composition and importance values of vegetation communities in different years of fallowing"
物种 | 科 | 属 | 退耕时间/a | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 13 | 20 | 30 | 40 | |||||
灰绿藜(Chenopodium glaucum) | 藜科 | 藜属 | 3.57 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
茴香(Foeniculum vulgare) | 伞形科 | 茴香属 | 2.77 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
蒿(Artemisia selengensis) | 菊科 | 蒿属 | 3.87 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
山苦荬(Ixeris chinensis) | 菊科 | 苦荬菜属 | 4.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
稗子草(Echinochloa crus-galli) | 禾本科 | 稗属 | 22.00 | 10.73 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
砂引草(Tournefortia sibirica) | 紫草科 | 紫丹属 | 0.60 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
盐生草(Halogeton glomeratus) | 藜科 | 盐生草属 | 9.46 | 7.72 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
藜(Chenopodium album) | 藜科 | 地肤属 | 8.05 | 7.60 | 0 | 0.38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
中亚滨藜(Atriplex centralasiatica) | 藜科 | 滨藜属 | 10.23 | 11.02 | 8.51 | 3.31 | 0 | 4.19 | 0 | 0 | ||
田旋花(Convolvulus arvensis) | 旋花科 | 旋花属 | 5.38 | 4.44 | 2.47 | 0 | 2.97 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
地肤(Kochia scoparia) | 藜科 | 地肤属 | 9.86 | 6.33 | 4.31 | 1.33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
赖草(Leymus secalinus) | 禾本科 | 赖草属 | 2.19 | 3.27 | 4.77 | 0 | 10.29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
狗尾草(Setaria viridis) | 禾本科 | 狗尾草属 | 2.27 | 0.41 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
碱蓬(Suaeda glauca) | 藜科 | 碱蓬属 | 2.40 | 4.10 | 1.21 | 1.03 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
虎尾草(Chloris virgata) | 禾本科 | 虎尾草属 | 3.96 | 4.26 | 0 | 0 | 5.17 | 5.44 | 0 | 0 | ||
细叶骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala) | 蒺藜科 | 骆驼蓬属 | 1.62 | 3.18 | 5.15 | 6.00 | 8.74 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
柽柳(Tamarix chinensis) | 柽柳科 | 柽柳属 | 2.32 | 3.81 | 4.36 | 4.13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
白茎盐生草(Halogeton arachnoideus) | 藜科 | 盐生草属 | 3.51 | 5.46 | 0 | 6.23 | 7.39 | 7.46 | 3.47 | 3.84 | ||
球果群心菜(Lepidium chalepense) | 十字花科 | 群心菜属 | 0 | 2.53 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis) | 豆科 | 甘草属 | 0 | 1.15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
平卧碱蓬(Suaeda prostrata) | 藜科 | 碱蓬属 | 0 | 2.94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
鹅绒藤(Cynanchum chinense) | 萝藦科 | 鹅绒藤属 | 0 | 1.84 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
小果白刺(Nitraria sibirica) | 蒺藜科 | 白刺属 | 0 | 8.91 | 9.05 | 7.51 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
沙枣(Elaeagnus angustifolia) | 胡颓子科 | 胡颓子属 | 0 | 0 | 10.02 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
独行菜(Lepidium apetalum) | 十字花科 | 独行菜属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.09 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
枸杞(Lycium chinense) | 茄科 | 枸杞属 | 0 | 10.31 | 0 | 10.00 | 11.56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
芦苇(Phragmites australis) | 禾本科 | 芦苇属 | 0 | 0 | 4.95 | 1.28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
星花碱蓬(Suaeda stellatiflora) | 藜科 | 碱蓬属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.04 | 0 | 0 | ||
地锦(Parthenocissus tricuspidata) | 葡萄科 | 地锦属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.03 | 1.22 | 2.02 | 0 | 0 | ||
黄花补血草(Limonium aureum) | 白花丹科 | 补血草属 | 0 | 0 | 8.99 | 0 | 6.81 | 4.26 | 0 | 0 | ||
芨芨草(Achnatherum splendens) | 禾本科 | 芨芨草属 | 0 | 0 | 10.00 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
白刺(Nitraria tangutorum) | 蒺藜科 | 白刺属 | 0 | 0 | 11.53 | 8.14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.50 | ||
画眉草(Eragrostis pilosa ) | 禾本科 | 画眉草属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.10 | 1.31 | 0 | 0.88 | ||
小叶碱蓬(Suaeda microphylla) | 藜科 | 碱蓬属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.88 | 8.72 | 0 | 0 | ||
骆驼蒿(Peganum nigellastrum) | 蒺藜科 | 骆驼蓬属 | 0 | 0 | 14.68 | 4.31 | 10.45 | 9.74 | 11.61 | 10.07 | ||
蒙古猪毛菜(Salsola ikonnikovii) | 藜科 | 猪毛菜属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.71 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
红砂(Reaumuria soongarica) | 柽柳科 | 红砂属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.97 | 0 | 13.80 | 6.24 | 8.21 | ||
骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala) | 蒺藜科 | 骆驼蓬属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.91 | ||
黑果枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum) | 茄科 | 枸杞属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18.24 | 22.71 | 23.19 | 25.82 | 29.84 | ||
盐爪爪(Kalidium foliatum) | 藜科 | 盐爪爪属 | 1.96 | 0 | 0 | 17.03 | 0 | 18.40 | 52.86 | 36.01 | ||
五星蒿(Echinopilon divaricatum) | 藜科 | 雾冰藜属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.74 | ||
黄花矶松(Limonium aureum) | 兰雪科 | 补血草属 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.44 | 0 | 0 |
Tab. 4
Changes in species diversity with the number of years of fallowing"
退耕年限/a | 个体数(N)/株 | 类群数(S)/棵 | Shannon多样性指数 | Pielou均匀度指数 | Simpson优势度指数 | Margalef丰富度指数 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1125 | 20 | 1.81 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 1.88 |
2 | 1516 | 19 | 2.57 | 0.61 | 0.23 | 1.70 |
4 | 405 | 20 | 3.45 | 0.80 | 0.11 | 2.19 |
8 | 863 | 14 | 2.48 | 0.65 | 0.24 | 1.33 |
13 | 2172 | 14 | 1.84 | 0.48 | 0.41 | 1.17 |
20 | 3445 | 13 | 2.19 | 0.59 | 0.28 | 1.02 |
30 | 567 | 6 | 1.65 | 0.64 | 0.34 | 0.55 |
40 | 652 | 8 | 2.22 | 0.74 | 0.25 | 0.75 |
Tab. 5
Species diversity and soil moisture correlation table"
指标 | 个体数(N)/株 | 类群数 (S)/棵 | Shannon 多样性指数 | Pielou 均匀度指数 | Simpson 优势度 | Margalef 丰富度指数 | 0~20 cm 土壤含水量 | 20~40 cm 土壤含水量 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
个体数(N) | 1.00 | |||||||
类群数(S) | 0.06 | 1.00 | ||||||
Shannon多样性指数 | -0.26 | 0.52 | 1.00 | |||||
Pielou均匀度指数 | -0.46 | -0.23 | 0.70 | 1.00 | ||||
Simpson优势度指数 | 0.31 | -0.20 | -0.92** | -0.89** | 1.00 | |||
Margalef丰富度指数 | -0.16 | 0.97** | 0.65 | -0.03 | -0.35 | 1.00 | ||
0~20 cm土壤含水量 | 0.24 | 0.35 | 0.09** | -0.31 | -0.13** | 0.30 | 1.00 | |
20~40 cm土壤含水量 | 0.03 | 0.53 | -0.14 | -0.49 | 0.26 | 0.46 | 0.88** | 1.00 |
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