汾河流域土地利用变化及生态环境效应

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.30

干旱区研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 968-977.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2022.03.30

汾河流域土地利用变化及生态环境效应

苏迎庆¹(),张恩月²,刘源³,刘庚¹(),林菲¹

1.太原师范学院汾河流域科学发展研究中心,山西晋中 030619
2.太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中 030619
3.山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西晋中 030800

收稿日期:2021-08-03 修回日期:2021-10-28 出版日期:2022-05-15 发布日期:2022-05-30
通讯作者: 刘庚
作者简介:苏迎庆（1994-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事资源环境评价与开发、生态承载力与生态安全研究. E-mail: 18234090836@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41401236);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2021L411);山西省高等学校优秀成果（科学技术）培育项目(2020KJ024);山西省人文社科重点基地项目(20190123);教育部人文社科规划基金项目(19YJAZH066);山西省留学回国人员科研项目(2017-105);山西省人文社科重点研究基地项目(20200133)

Land-use change and ecological environment effects on Fenhe River Basin

SU Yingqing¹(),ZHANG Enyue²,LIU Yuan³,LIU Geng¹(),LIN Fei¹

1. Research Center for Scientific Development of Fenhe River Valley, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
2. College of Geography Science, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi, China
3. College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030800, Shanxi, China

Received:2021-08-03 Revised:2021-10-28 Online:2022-05-15 Published:2022-05-30
Contact: Geng LIU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取汾河流域为研究区,采用土地利用动态度、地学信息图谱、生态价值指数和植被覆盖度综合分析研究区2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年及2018年土地利用变化及生态环境影响效应问题。结果表明：（1） 2000—2018年,流域建设用地、林地呈现增长趋势,增长面积分别为1350.90 km²、85.50 km²,增长率分别为92.83%、0.96%;耕地、草地出现小幅下降趋势,缩减面积分别为729 km²、674.10 km²,缩减率分别为-5.02%、-7.63%;水域及未利用土地维持多年平均水平,平均面积为297 km²、7.92 km²。空间格局呈现建设用地、耕地集中于流域核心区,草地、林地集中于边缘区的分异特征。（2）各时序综合土地利用动态度、土地转移图谱、土地利用涨落势变化近似,显著变化区主要位于流域盆地及其与山地过渡区,多年综合土地利用动态度为4.34%,单一土地利用动态度及土地利用涨势幅度最高的是建设用地及林地。（3）基于不同的主导土地利用类型影响,生态价值指数时序演变呈现“下降-增长-下降”的波浪状曲线特征;植被覆盖度经历“增长-下降-增长”的演变特征;空间格局上与土地利用变化区域呈现空间斑块重叠。地形结构、用地标准、社会经济及环保政策等因子驱动下,未来流域土地利用变化或将加大,对生态环境的胁迫增强。

关键词: 土地利用/覆被变化, 生态环境效应, 时空格局, 汾河流域, 山西

Abstract:

Research on land-use changes and ecological environment effects is important to understand regional ecological environment changes and promote the coordinated development of regional economy and environment. In this paper, the Fenhe River Basin was selected as the study area. Based on the land use and normalized vegetation index data in five periods (2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2018), land-use changes and ecological effects in the study area in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2018 were comprehensively analyzed using land-use dynamic attitude, geological information map, ecological value index, and fractional vegetation cover. Results showed that (1) from 2000 to 2018, the construction land and forest land in the basin showed an increasing trend; the growth areas were 1350.90 km² and 85.50 km², accounting for 92.83% and 0.96%, respectively. The cultivated land and grassland showed a slight downward trend, and the reduction areas were 729 km² and 674.10 km², respectively. The reduction rates were -5.02% and -7.63%, respectively. Waters and unused land maintained a multi-year average of 297 km² and 7.92 km², respectively. The spatial pattern showed that the construction land and cultivated land were concentrated in the core area of the basin, and grassland and forest land were concentrated in the edge area. (2) Comprehensive land-use dynamic degree, land transfer map, and land-use fluctuation trend of each time series were similar, and the evident indigenous change area was primarily located in the basin and its transition zone in the mountainous area. The comprehensive land-use dynamic degree for many years was 4.34%. The single land-use dynamic degree and land-use fluctuation were the highest in construction land and forest land, respectively. (3) Based on the influence of different dominant land-use types, the temporal evolution of the ecological value index showed a wavy “decline-growth-decline” curve; fractional vegetation cover showed “growth-decline-growth” evolution characteristics, and spatial pattern overlapped with spatial patches in land-use change regions. Given the terrain structure, land-use standards, and socio-economic and environmental protection policies, land-use changes in the future basin may increase, and stress on the ecological environment will increase.

Key words: land use/cover change, ecological environment effects, spatio-temporal pattern, Fenhe River Basin, Shanxi

苏迎庆,张恩月,刘源,刘庚,林菲. 汾河流域土地利用变化及生态环境效应[J]. 干旱区研究, 2022, 39(3): 968-977.

SU Yingqing,ZHANG Enyue,LIU Yuan,LIU Geng,LIN Fei. Land-use change and ecological environment effects on Fenhe River Basin[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2022, 39(3): 968-977.

图/表 10

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土地利用类型	耕地	林地	草地	水域	建设用地	未利用地
对应的生态系统	农田	森林	草地	水体和湿地	荒漠	荒漠
相对生态价值/[元·(hm²·a)^-1]	0.316	1.0	0.331	0.865	0.039	0.019

汾河流域土地利用变化及生态环境效应

Land-use change and ecological environment effects on Fenhe River Basin

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