黄土丘陵区典型人工林的根系分布特征

doi:10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.24

干旱区研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 1420-1428.doi: 10.13866/j.azr.2021.05.24

黄土丘陵区典型人工林的根系分布特征

李浩^1,²(),胡婵娟¹(),赵荣钦²,郭雷¹,满洲³

1. 河南省科学院地理研究所,河南郑州 450052
2. 华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院,河南郑州 450045
3. 天津市市政工程设计研究院郑州分院,河南郑州 450001

收稿日期:2020-12-21 修回日期:2021-03-03 出版日期:2021-09-15 发布日期:2021-09-24
通讯作者: 胡婵娟
作者简介:李浩（1995-）,男,硕士研究生,主要从事植被恢复与土壤生态学的研究. E-mail: 876320273@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41801103);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501701);河南省科学院基本科研费项目(210601015);河南省重点研发与推广软科学研究项目(212400410341)

Root distribution characteristics of three typical plantations in a Loess Hills region

LI Hao^1,²(),HU Chanjuan¹(),ZHAO Rongqin²,GUO Lei¹,MAN Zhou³

1. Institute of Geographical Science, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
2. College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, North China University of Water Resource and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, Henan, China
3. Zhengzhou Branch, Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, China

Received:2020-12-21 Revised:2021-03-03 Online:2021-09-15 Published:2021-09-24
Contact: Chanjuan HU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

根系是植物吸收水分和养分的主要器官,发育及分布情况对植物生长具有极其重要的影响。本研究以甘肃省定西市安定区龙滩流域的人工白杨林、油松林以及山杏林为研究对象,分析了3种人工林总根及不同径级的根长、根面积、根生物量密度的垂直分布特征及其与土壤理化性质之间的关系,旨在从根系分布角度比较黄土丘陵区典型人工林之间的生长差异,为该区域植被恢复与评价提供一定的科学依据。研究结果表明：（1）不同径级的根系分布中3种人工林均以细根为主,细根与总根的根长及根面积密度均表现为白杨林>油松林>山杏林,根生物量密度表现为油松林>白杨林>山杏林,而中根与粗根的根长及根面积密度均以油松林为最高。（2）垂直土壤剖面上,3种人工林总根与细根的根长、根面积及根生物量密度整体上呈现出随土壤深度的增加而减少的趋势,而中根与粗根的垂直分布规律并不明显。（3）细根和总根的根长密度、根面积密度、根生物量密度与土壤全碳、全氮、有机碳及含水量均呈极显著正相关关系,中根的根长及根面积密度与土壤全碳、全氮、全磷及有机碳含量呈显著相关关系,粗根的根长及根面积密度与土壤全碳呈显著相关关系,土壤碳氮含量以及含水量的增加与林木根系的生长在一定程度上存在协同效应。

关键词: 黄土丘陵区, 人工林, 根系, 径级

Abstract:

The root is the main organ through which plants absorb water and nutrients. The development and distribution of roots have an extremely important impact on plant growth. In order to understand the root distribution characteristics of typical artificial forests in Loess Hills areas and provide a scientific basis for vegetation restoration in the future, a case study was carried out on three artificial forests (Populus tomentosa, Pinus tabuliformis and Armeniaca sibirica), located in Longtan watershed, Anding District, Dingxi City, Gansu Province. The study analyzed root length density, root area density and root biomass density in different soil depths and diameter degrees, and the results showed that: (1) Fine roots of different diameter classes were dominant in all three artificial forests. The root length and root area densities of fine roots and total roots were the following: Populus tomentosa>Pinus tabulaeformis>Armeniaca sibirica, while the root biomass density was the following: Pinus tabulaeformis>Populus tomentosa>Armeniaca sibirica. The Pinus tabulaeformis forest had the highest root length and root area densities of middle roots and coarse roots. (2) In the vertical soil profile, the root length, root area, and root biomass densities of total and fine roots decreased with increasing soil depth. However, the vertical distribution feature of middle and coarse roots was not clear. (3) The root length density, root area density and root biomass density of fine and total roots were significantly and positively correlated with soil total carbon, total nitrogen, organic carbon, and water content. The root length and root area densities of middle roots were significantly correlated with soil total carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and organic carbon. The root length and root area densities of coarse roots were significantly correlated with soil total carbon. The increase in soil carbon, nitrogen and water contents had a synergistic effect on the growth of the root system to a certain extent.

Key words: Loess Hills region, plantation, root, diameter class

李浩,胡婵娟,赵荣钦,郭雷,满洲. 黄土丘陵区典型人工林的根系分布特征[J]. 干旱区研究, 2021, 38(5): 1420-1428.

LI Hao,HU Chanjuan,ZHAO Rongqin,GUO Lei,MAN Zhou. Root distribution characteristics of three typical plantations in a Loess Hills region[J]. Arid Zone Research, 2021, 38(5): 1420-1428.

图/表 10

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林型	坡位	海拔/m	坡度/（°）	坡向/（°）	株距/m	平均胸径/cm	平均树高/m
白杨	上	2010	33.25	W290.5	1.3~1.8	12.03	9.36
油松	上	2048	32.80	NW323.5	1.0~1.3	7.45	7.93
山杏	上	2147	33.96	W250.5	1.2~1.4	6.23	3.49

土层/cm	林型	土壤全碳 /(g·kg^-1)	土壤全氮 /(g·kg^-1)	土壤有机碳 /(g·kg^-1)	土壤全磷 /(g·kg^-1)
0~10	白杨	24.03b	0.70b	5.54b	0.51a
	油松	28.80ab	0.97ab	7.70ab	0.51a
	山杏	30.90a	1.33a	9.48a	0.51a
10~20	白杨	23.27b	0.53c	4.98b	0.51a
	油松	29.47a	0.97a	7.13a	0.52a
	山杏	25.20b	0.70b	5.57b	0.47a
20~30	白杨	22.83b	0.50b	4.64b	0.52a
	油松	28.40a	0.77a	6.02a	0.50a
	山杏	22.97b	0.43b	3.66b	0.48a
30~40	白杨	21.63b	0.40b	3.94ab	0.50a
	油松	25.73a	0.60a	4.38a	0.48a
	山杏	21.97b	0.37b	3.26b	0.54a
40~60	白杨	21.20b	0.33b	2.93ab	0.51a
	油松	23.97a	0.53a	3.68a	0.51a
	山杏	21.73b	0.43ab	2.69b	0.55a
60~80	白杨	20.90b	0.37a	2.67a	0.52a
	油松	23.23a	0.47a	3.24a	0.51a
	山杏	21.17b	0.37a	2.80a	0.55a
80~100	白杨	20.47b	0.30b	3.03a	0.52a
	油松	22.27a	0.47a	3.07a	0.51a
	山杏	20.57b	0.33ab	2.66a	0.54a

根系指标	全氮	全碳	有机碳	含水量	全磷
细根根长密度	0.567^**	0.475^**	0.674^**	0.624^**	-0.163
中根根长密度	0.559^**	0.667^**	0.538^**	0.227	-0.341^**
粗根根长密度	0.214	0.265^*	0.254^*	0.127	0.083
总根长密度	0.573^**	0.484^**	0.679^**	0.624^**	-0.220
细根根面积密度	0.640^**	0.596^**	0.733^**	0.555^**	0.147
中根根面积密度	0.534^**	0.643^**	0.524^**	0.224	-0.321^*
粗根根面积密度	0.215	0.261^*	0.243	0.120	0.101
总根面积密度	0.650^**	0.641^**	0.737^**	0.533^**	-0.209
细根根生物量密度	0.671^**	0.670^**	0.715^**	0.406^**	-0.238
总根生物量密度	0.380^**	0.447^**	0.431^**	0.246	-0.036

黄土丘陵区典型人工林的根系分布特征

Root distribution characteristics of three typical plantations in a Loess Hills region

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